Spent mushroom substrate (SMS), a major byproduct of the mushroom industry, is a lignocellulosic biomass, which contains approximately 57–74.3% of holocellulose fraction. This study was aimed at utilizing SMS of Pleurotus florida for recovery of lignocellulolytic enzymes and sugars and also as a substrate for production of cellulolytic enzymes using different isolates of Trichoderma and Aspergillus under solid‐state fermentation (SSF). SMS of P. florida extracts contained significant amounts of laccase (3,015.8 ± 29.5 U/g SMS) and xylanase (1,187.9 ± 12 U/g SMS) activity. Crystallinity pattern and chemical changes in SMS revealed that SMS had a lower crystallinity index (34.2%) as compared with the raw biomass (37.8%), which, in turn, helps in enhancing the accessibility of cellulolytic enzymes to holocellulose. Among the isolates, Trichoderma longibrachiatum A‐01 showed maximum activity of endoglucanase (220.4 ± 5.9 U/mg), exoglucanase (78.5 ± 3.2 U/mg) and xylanase (1,550.4 ± 11.6 U/mg) while Aspergillus aculeatus C‐08 showed maximum activity of cellobiase (113.9 ± 3.9 U/mg). Extraction with sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.8) showed maximum cellulolytic enzyme activity as compared with other solvents tested. Partial purification of endoglucanase, exoglucanase, xylanase, and cellobiase resulted in 56.3% (1,112.5 U/mg), 48.4% (212.5 U/mg), 44% (4,492.3 U/mg), and 62% (705.0 U/mg) yield with an increase by 5.2‐, 4.5‐, 4.1‐, and 5.0‐fold as compared with crude extract. The results reveal that SMS from P. florida could be a potential and cost‐effective substrate for production of cellulolytic enzymes from T. longibrachiatum A‐01 and A. aculeatus C‐08.

中文翻译：

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可持续利用佛罗里达平菇的蘑菇基质生产木质纤维素分解酶

废蘑菇基质 (SMS) 是蘑菇工业的主要副产品，是一种木质纤维素生物质，其中包含大约 57-74.3% 的全纤维素部分。本研究旨在利用佛罗里达平菇的 SMS 回收木质纤维素分解酶和糖，并作为底物，在固态发酵 (SSF) 下使用不同的木霉和曲霉分离物生产纤维素分解酶。P. florida 提取物的 SMS 含有大量漆酶 (3,015.8 ± 29.5 U/g SMS) 和木聚糖酶 (1,187.9 ± 12 U/g SMS) 活性。SMS 的结晶模式和化学变化表明，与原始生物质 (37.8%) 相比，SMS 的结晶度指数 (34.2%) 较低，这反过来有助于提高纤维素分解酶对全纤维素的可及性。在隔离区中，Trichoderma longibrachiatum A-01 显示出内切葡聚糖酶 (220.4 ± 5.9 U/mg)、外切葡聚糖酶 (78.5 ± 3.2 U/mg) 和木聚糖酶 (1,550.4 ± 11.6 U/mg) 的最大活性，而棘孢曲霉 C-08 显示出最大活性113.9 ± 3.9 单位/毫克）。与其他测试的溶剂相比，用柠檬酸钠缓冲液 (pH 4.8) 提取显示出最大的纤维素分解酶活性。部分纯化内切葡聚糖酶、外切葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶和纤维二糖酶的产率为 56.3% (1,112.5 U/mg)、48.4% (212.5 U/mg)、44% (4,492.3 U/mg) 和 62% (705.0 U/mg)与粗提物相比增加了 5.2-、4.5-、4.1-和 5.0-倍。结果表明，来自 P. florida 的 SMS 可能是从 T. longibrachiatum A-01 和 A. aculeatus C-08 生产纤维素分解酶的潜在且具有成本效益的底物。