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Incident command post exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and particulate matter during a wildfire.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-23 , DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2019.1657579
Kathleen M Navarro 1, 2 , Ricardo Cisneros 3 , Donald Schweizer 3, 4 , Pujeeta Chowdhary 5 , Elizabeth M Noth 1 , John R Balmes 1 , S Katharine Hammond 1
Affiliation  

Wildland firefighters engaged in fire suppression activities are often exposed to hazardous air pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulate matter (PM2.5) during wildfires with no respiratory protection. Although the most significant exposures to smoke likely occur on the fireline, wildland firefighters may also be exposed at the incident command post (ICP), an area designated for wildfire suppression support operations. Our objective was to characterize exposures of PAHs and PM2.5 near an ICP during a wildfire event in California. We collected area air samples for PAHs and PM2.5, during the first 12 days of a wildfire event. PAH area air samples were actively collected in 12-hr shifts (day and night) using XAD4-coated quartz fiber filters and XAD2 sorbent tubes and analyzed for 17 individual PAHs. Hourly area PM2.5 concentrations were measured with an Environmental Beta Attenuation Monitor. Most PAH concentrations generally had similar concentrations during the day and night. PM2.5 concentrations were higher during the day, due to increased fire activity, than at night. The highest concentrations of the 17 PAHs measured were for naphthalene, phenanthrene, and retene. The location of an ICP may be a critical factor in reducing these potential exposures to firefighters during wildfire events. Additionally, exposures could be reduced by utilizing clean air tents or sleeping trailers with HEPA filtration or setting up smaller camps in less smokey areas closer to the fireline for firefighters. Although measured exposures to PAHs for firefighters from smoke are lower at an ICP, these exposures still contribute to the overall cumulative work exposures.



中文翻译:

在野火期间,事故指挥部令其暴露于多环芳烃和颗粒物之后。

从事灭火活动的野外消防员在野火中经常暴露于有害空气污染物中,例如多环芳烃(PAHs)和颗粒物(PM 2.5),没有呼吸防护。尽管最明显的烟雾暴露可能发生在工作线上,但野外消防员也可能在事故指挥所(ICP)处暴露,该区域被指定用于抑制野火的支援行动。我们的目标是在加利福尼亚州的一场野火事件中表征ICP附近PAHs和PM 2.5的暴露量。我们收集了PAH和PM 2.5的区域空气样本在野火事件发生的前12天中。使用XAD4涂层石英纤维过滤器和XAD2吸附剂管以12小时轮班(白天和晚上)主动收集PAH区域的空气样品,并分析17种单独的PAH。使用环境Beta衰减监控器测量每小时面积的PM 2.5浓度。大多数PAH浓度通常在白天和晚上都具有相似的浓度。下午2.5由于火活动增加,白天的浓度要高于晚上。所测量的17种PAH的最高浓度是萘,菲和视黄烯。ICP的位置可能是减少野火事件中消防员潜在暴露的关键因素。此外,可以通过使用带有HEPA过滤器的清洁空气帐篷或卧铺拖车或在靠近消防员的少烟区域设置较小的营地来减少暴露,以减少消防员的暴露。尽管在ICP上测得的消防员从烟雾中获得的PAH暴露量较低,但这些暴露量仍对总体累积工作暴露量有贡献。

更新日期:2019-09-23
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