The field of pharmacogenomics (PGx) is gradually shifting from the reactive testing of single genes toward the proactive testing of multiple genes to improve treatment outcomes, reduce adverse events, and decrease the burden of unnecessary costs for healthcare systems. Despite the progress in the field of pharmacogenomics, its implementation into routine care has been slow due to several barriers. However, in recent years, the number of studies on the implementation of PGx has increased, all providing a wealth of knowledge on different solutions for overcoming the obstacles that have been emphasized over the past years. This review focuses on some of the challenges faced by these initiatives, the solutions and different approaches for testing that they suggest, and the evidence that they provide regarding the benefits of preemptive PGx testing.

中文翻译：

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将药物基因组学转化为临床决策：不要让完美成为优秀的敌人。

药物基因组学 (PGx) 领域正逐渐从单基因的反应性测试转向多基因的主动测试，以改善治疗结果、减少不良事件并减轻医疗保健系统不必要的成本负担。尽管药物基因组学领域取得了进展，但由于存在一些障碍，其在常规护理中的实施进展缓慢。然而，近年来，关于 PGx 实施的研究数量有所增加，所有这些都提供了关于克服过去几年强调的障碍的不同解决方案的丰富知识。本次审查重点关注这些举措面临的一些挑战、他们建议的解决方案和不同的测试方法，以及他们提供的有关先发制人 PGx 测试优势的证据。