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Effects of mutations and immunogenicity on outcomes of anti-cancer therapies for secondary lesions.
Mathematical Biosciences ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2019.108238
Elena Piretto 1 , Marcello Delitala 2 , Peter S Kim 3 , Federico Frascoli 4
Affiliation  

Cancer development is driven by mutations and selective forces, including the action of the immune system and interspecific competition. When administered to patients, anti-cancer therapies affect the development and dynamics of tumours, possibly with various degrees of resistance due to immunoediting and microenvironment. Tumours are able to express a variety of competing phenotypes with different attributes and thus respond differently to various anti-cancer therapies. In this paper, a mathematical framework incorporating a system of delay differential equations for the immune system activation cycle and an agent-based approach for tumour-immune interaction is presented. The focus is on those metastatic, secondary solid lesions that are still undetected and non-vascularised. By using available experimental data, we analyse the effects of combination therapies on these lesions and investigate the role of mutations on the rates of success of common treatments. Findings show that mutations, growth properties and immunoediting influence therapies' outcomes in nonlinear and complex ways, affecting cancer lesion morphologies, phenotypical compositions and overall proliferation patterns. Cascade effects on final outcomes for secondary lesions are also investigated, showing that actions on primary lesions could sometimes result in unexpected clearances of secondary tumours. This outcome is strongly dependent on the clonal composition of the primary and secondary masses and is shown to allow, in some cases, the control of the disease for years.

中文翻译:

突变和免疫原性对继发性病变抗癌治疗效果的影响。

癌症的发展是由突变和选择性力驱动的,包括免疫系统的作用和种间竞争。当施用于患者时,抗癌疗法会影响肿瘤的发展和动态,可能由于免疫编辑和微环境而具有不同程度的耐药性。肿瘤能够表达具有不同属性的多种竞争表型,因此对各种抗癌疗法的反应不同。在本文中,提出了一个数学框架,该框架结合了一个针对免疫系统激活周期的延迟微分方程系统和一种基于试剂的肿瘤与免疫相互作用方法。重点是那些仍未被发现和未形成血管的转移性继发性实体病变。通过使用可用的实验数据,我们分析了联合疗法对这些病变的影响,并研究了突变对常见疗法成功率的作用。研究结果表明,突变,生长特性和免疫编辑以非线性和复杂的方式影响治疗的结果,从而影响癌症病变的形态,表型组成和总体增殖方式。还研究了级联对继发性病变最终结果的影响,表明对原发性病变的作用有时可能导致继发性肿瘤的意外清除。这一结果在很大程度上取决于原发性和继发性肿块的克隆组成,在某些情况下,这种结局表明可以控制该病多年。研究结果表明,突变,生长特性和免疫编辑以非线性和复杂的方式影响治疗的结果,从而影响癌症病变的形态,表型组成和总体增殖方式。还研究了级联对继发性病变最终结果的影响,表明对原发性病变的作用有时可能导致继发性肿瘤的意外清除。这一结果在很大程度上取决于原发性和继发性肿块的克隆组成,在某些情况下,这种结局表明可以控制该病多年。研究结果表明,突变,生长特性和免疫编辑以非线性和复杂的方式影响治疗的结果,从而影响癌症病变的形态,表型组成和总体增殖方式。还研究了级联对继发性病变最终结果的影响,表明对原发性病变的作用有时可能导致继发性肿瘤的意外清除。这一结果在很大程度上取决于原发性和继发性肿块的克隆组成,在某些情况下,这种结局表明可以控制该病多年。还研究了级联对继发性病变最终结果的影响,表明对原发性病变的作用有时可能导致继发性肿瘤的意外清除。这一结果在很大程度上取决于原发性和继发性肿块的克隆组成,在某些情况下,这种结局表明可以控制该病多年。还研究了级联对继发性病变最终结果的影响,表明对原发性病变的作用有时可能导致继发性肿瘤的意外清除。这一结果在很大程度上取决于原发性和继发性肿块的克隆组成,在某些情况下,这种结局表明可以控制该病多年。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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