Research over the past 25 years and the use of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) has demonstrated benefits of single atom counting of 14 C compared to scintillation monitoring of 14 C radioactive decay for a multitude of applications in drug development studies. These include pharmacokinetics and metabolism studies, micro-dosing studies and quantification of DNA adducts. In the last decade the possibility of single atom counting using lasers has been demonstrated, providing the possibility of simplified laboratory based systems which can equal or excel AMS sensitivity and provide scintillation system convenience without high levels of radioactivity. To achieve the required sensitivity, optical storage cavities have been used to enhance the laser interaction of the low densities of radiocarbon present. Two types of laser technologies have been used- cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and intra-cavity opto-galvanic spectroscopy (ICOGS). Problems to be overcome to achieve routine use have included separation of the 14 C signal from backgrounds, achievement of acceptable precision and accuracy, reduction of measurement times for small samples and improvement in the ease of use for the operator. Both technologies have achieved impressive results to date using samples of order 1 mg with CRDS and 10 μg with ICOGS. Commercial development is the next step.

中文翻译：

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实验室中基于激光的放射性碳检测；多久？

过去 25 年的研究和加速器质谱 (AMS) 的使用已经证明，与 14 C 放射性衰变的闪烁监测相比，14 C 的单原子计数在药物开发研究中的多种应用中具有优势。这些包括药代动力学和代谢研究、微剂量研究和 DNA 加合物的量化。在过去的十年中，已经证明了使用激光进行单原子计数的可能性，这提供了基于实验室的简化系统的可能性，该系统可以等于或优于 AMS 灵敏度，并在没有高水平放射性的情况下提供闪烁系统的便利性。为了达到所需的灵敏度，已使用光存储腔来增强存在的低密度放射性碳的激光相互作用。已经使用了两种类型的激光技术——腔衰荡光谱（CRDS）和腔内光电光谱（ICOGS）。实现常规使用需要克服的问题包括从背景中分离 14 C 信号、实现可接受的精密度和准确度、减少小样本的测量时间以及提高操作员的易用性。迄今为止，使用 CRDS 的 1 mg 样品和 ICOGS 的 10 μg 样品，这两种技术都取得了令人印象深刻的结果。商业发展是下一步。减少小样品的测量时间并提高操作员的易用性。迄今为止，使用 CRDS 的 1 mg 样品和 ICOGS 的 10 μg 样品，这两种技术都取得了令人印象深刻的结果。商业发展是下一步。减少小样品的测量时间并提高操作员的易用性。迄今为止，使用 CRDS 的 1 mg 样品和 ICOGS 的 10 μg 样品，这两种技术都取得了令人印象深刻的结果。商业发展是下一步。