Genetic parameters were estimated for haemoglobin (Hb) levels in sows and piglets as well as sow reproductive performance and piglet survival. Reproductive traits were available between 2005 and 2014 for 7857 litters from 1029 Large White and 858 Landrace sows. In 2012 and 2013, Hb levels, sow BW and sow back fat depth were measured on 348 sows with 529 litters 5 days prior to farrowing. In addition, Hb levels were available for 1127 one-day-old piglets from 383 litters (a maximum of three piglets per litter) of 277 sows with Hb levels. The average Hb levels in sows (sow Hb), their litters (litter Hb, based on average Hb of three piglets) and individual piglets (piglet Hb) were 112 ± 12.6 g/l, 103 ± 15.3 g/l and 105 ± 21.7 g/l, respectively. Heritabilities for Hb levels were 0.09 ± 0.07 for sow Hb, 0.19 ± 0.11 for litter Hb and 0.08 ± 0.05 for piglet Hb. Estimates for the permanent environment effect of sows were 0.09 ± 0.09 for sow Hb, 0.11 ± 0.12 for litter Hb and 0.12 ± 0.03 for piglet Hb. In comparison, heritabilities for both number of stillborn piglets and pre-weaning survival were lower (0.05 ± 0.01 and 0.04 ± 0.01). Sow BW had no significant heritability, while sow back fat depth was lowly heritable (0.10 ± 0.08). Positive genetic correlations were found between sow Hb and litter Hb (0.64 ± 0.47) and between litter Hb and sow back fat depth (0.71 ± 0.53). Higher litter Hb was genetically associated with lower number of stillborn piglets (-0.78 ± 0.35) and higher pre-weaning survival (0.28 ± 0.33). Negative genetic correlations between sow Hb and average piglet birth weight of the litter (-0.60 ± 0.34) and between piglet Hb and birth weight of individual piglets (-0.37 ± 0.32) indicate that selection for heavier piglets may reduce Hb levels in sows and piglets. Similarly, selection for larger litter size will reduce average piglet birth weight (rg: -0.40 ± 0.12) and pre-weaning survival (-0.57 ± 0.13) and may lead to lower litter Hb (-0.48 ± 0.27). This study shows promising first results for the use of Hb levels as a selection criterion in pig breeding programs, and selection for higher Hb levels may improve piglet survival and limit further reduction in Hb levels in sows and piglets due to selection for larger and heavier litters.

中文翻译：

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母猪和仔猪血红蛋白水平的遗传参数以及母猪的繁殖性能和仔猪存活率。

估算了母猪和仔猪的血红蛋白（Hb）水平以及母猪的繁殖性能和仔猪存活率的遗传参数。2005年至2014年间，可以从1029头大白母猪和858头长白母猪中繁殖7857窝小猪的生殖性状。在分娩前5天，于2012年和2013年对348头母猪和529窝母猪的Hb水平，母猪体重和母猪背脂肪深度进行了测量。此外，从277头Hb水平母猪的383窝（每窝最多3头小猪）中获得了1127个1日龄仔猪的Hb水平。母猪（母猪Hb），垫料（产仔Hb，基于三头仔猪的平均Hb）和个体仔猪（仔猪Hb）的平均Hb水平为112±12.6 g / l，103±15.3 g / l和105±21.7克/升。母猪Hb的Hb水平遗传力为0.09±0.07，产仔Hb的遗传度为0.19±0.11，0.08±0 仔猪Hb为05。母猪对环境的永久影响估计为：母猪Hb为0.09±0.09，小猪Hb为0.11±0.12，仔猪Hb为0.12±0.03。相比之下，死产仔猪的遗传力和断奶前存活率均较低（0.05±0.01和0.04±0.01）。母猪的体重没有显着的遗传性，而母猪背脂肪深度的遗传性很低（0.10±0.08）。母猪血红蛋白与窝杂种Hb之间的正遗传相关性（0.64±0.47），母猪血红蛋白与母猪背脂肪深度之间的正相关性（0.71±0.53）。较高的Hb遗传与死产仔猪数量较少（-0.78±0.35）和较高的断奶前存活率（0.28±0.33）相关。母猪Hb与同窝仔猪平均出生体重之间的负遗传相关性（-0.60±0.34），仔猪Hb与个体仔猪出生体重之间的负遗传相关性（-0.37±0）。32）表明选择较重的仔猪可能会降低母猪和仔猪的血红蛋白水平。同样，选择更大的产仔数会降低仔猪平均出生体重（rg：-0.40±0.12）和断奶前存活率（-0.57±0.13），并可能导致产仔Hb降低（-0.48±0.27）。这项研究表明，在猪育种计划中将Hb水平用作选择标准可获得令人鼓舞的初步结果，而选择较高和更高的Hb水平可能会提高仔猪的存活率，并限制母猪和仔猪中Hb水平的进一步降低，因为选择了更大和更重的窝。