Objectives: The characterization of markers capable of predicting clinically significant hematoma growth (HG) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may be useful for the selection of patients for clinical trials. The use of several noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers has been suggested to stratify the risk of HG. The aim of this study was to analyze HG prediction using different NCCT markers in patients with spontaneous ICH. Methods: Single-hospital retrospective study of patients with spontaneous ICH, who underwent initial NCCT <24 hours after symptom onset. Clinical characteristics were collected and two independent observers analyzed hemorrhage characteristics, volumes and 8 NCCT markers. HG was defined as a growth of ≥33% or ≥6mL in follow-up CT and 30-day survival was collected. Results: 328 patients were included. The most frequent NCCT marker was 'any hypodensity' (68.0%) and the less frequent was the blend sign (11.6%). HG occurred in 22.1% of patients and the only independent predictors for HG were 'any hypodensity' (OR=3.32, 95%CI=1.18-9.34, p=0.023) and the swirl sign (OR=3.98, 95%CI=1.41-11.21, p=0.009). Although all NCCT markers were more frequent in patients who died within 30 days, the only independent predictors were 'irregular margins' (OR=4.54, 95%CI=1.63-12.66, p=0.004) and the satellite sign (OR=2.49, 95%CI=1.07-5.75, p=0.034). NCCT markers with greater sensitivity for HG were 'any hypodensity' and the swirl sign, although with poor positive predictive values and poor areas under the curve. Conclusion: Even though some NCCT markers are independent predictors of HG and 30-day survival, they have suboptimal diagnostic test performances for such outcomes. Abbreviation: OR: odds ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.

中文翻译：

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脑出血患者的非对比计算机断层扫描标志物。

目标：能够预测脑出血（ICH）患者临床上明显的血肿增长（HG）的标记物的表征可能对临床试验患者的选择有用。有人建议使用几种非对比计算机体层摄影术（NCCT）标记来对HG风险进行分层。这项研究的目的是分析自发性ICH患者中使用不同NCCT标记的HG预测。方法：对自发性ICH患者的单医院回顾性研究，其在症状发作后24小时接受初始NCCT。收集临床特征，并由两名独立的观察者分析出血特征，量和8种NCCT标记。HG定义为随访CT中≥33％或≥6mL的增长，并收集30天生存期。结果：包括328例患者。最常出现的NCCT标记是“任何低密度”（68.0％），而较少出现的是混合体征（11.6％）。HG发生在22.1％的患者中，并且HG的唯一独立预测因素是“任何低密度”（OR = 3.32，95％CI = 1.18-9.34，p = 0.023）和旋涡征（OR = 3.98，95％CI = 1.41） -11.21，p = 0.009）。尽管在30天内死亡的患者中，所有NCCT标记均更为常见，但唯一的独立预测因素是“边缘不规则”（OR = 4.54，95％CI = 1.63-12.66，p = 0.004）和卫星征兆（OR = 2.49， 95％CI = 1.07-5.75，p = 0.034）。对HG敏感性更高的NCCT标记为“任何低密度”和旋涡迹象，尽管阳性预测值较差且曲线下面积较差。结论：即使某些NCCT标志物是HG和30天生存率的独立预测因子，对于此类结果，他们的诊断测试性能欠佳。缩写：OR：优势比；95％CI：95％置信区间。