We investigated the environmental conditions that induce a flight response in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneumHerbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), including resource quality, temperature, relative humidity, and light. Over 72‐h trial periods, we observed the proportion of individuals emigrating by flight to range from 0.0 in extreme heat or cold to 0.82 with starvation. Resource quality, presence of a light source, and temperature all directly influenced the initiation of the flight response. We did not detect any effect of relative humidity or sudden change in temperature on the incidence of flight. We discuss our findings in the context of Tribolium ecology and evolution.

中文翻译：

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温度、相对湿度、光照和资源质量对红粉甲虫 Tribolium castaneum 飞行​​开始的影响

我们调查了引起红粉甲虫 Tribolium castaneumHerbst（鞘翅目：黄粉虫科）飞行反应的环境条件，包括资源质量、温度、相对湿度和光线。在 72 小时的试验期内，我们观察到通过飞行移民的个体比例从极热或极冷的 0.0 到饥饿的 0.82。资源质量、光源的存在和温度都直接影响飞行响应的启动。我们没有检测到相对湿度或温度突然变化对飞行发生率的任何影响。我们在 Tribolium 生态学和进化的背景下讨论我们的发现。