Whole-genome duplication (polyploidy) occurs frequently and repeatedly within species, often forming new lineages that contribute to biodiversity, particularly in plants. Establishment and persistence of new polyploids may be thwarted by competition with surrounding diploids; however, climatic niche shifts, where polyploids occupy different niches than diploid progenitors, may help polyploids overcome this challenge. We tested for climatic niche shifts between cytotypes using a new ordination approach and an unprecedentedly large data set containing young, conspecific diploids and polyploids. Despite expectations of frequent niche shifts, we show evidence for alternative patterns, such as niche conservatism and contraction, rather than a prevalent pattern of niche shifts. In addition, we explore how interpreting climatic niches plotted on environmental niche (principal component) axes can generate hypotheses about processes underlying niche dynamics. Dispersal capabilities or other life-history traits, rather than shifts to new climatic niches, could better explain polyploid persistence in the long term.

中文翻译：

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二倍体和多倍体植物共享的大规模气候生态位的证据。

全基因组重复（多倍体）在物种内经常重复发生，经常形成有助于生物多样性的新世系，特别是在植物中。与周围二倍体竞争可能会阻碍新多倍体的建立和持久性；但是，气候小生境的转变（多倍体与二倍体祖先占据不同的生态位）可能有助于多倍体克服这一挑战。我们使用一种新的排序方法以及包含年轻的，特定的二倍体和多倍体的前所未有的大型数据集，测试了细胞类型之间的气候生态位转变。尽管期望频繁的利基转移，但我们显示了替代模式的证据，例如利基保守和收缩，而不是普遍的利基转移模式。此外，我们探讨了解释环境小生境（主要成分）轴上绘制的气候生态位如何如何生成有关生态位动态基础过程的假设。分散能力或其他生活史特征，而不是转移到新的气候生态位，可以更好地长期解释多倍体的持久性。