The biconcave shape and corresponding deformability of the human red blood cell (RBC) is an essential feature of its biological function. This feature of RBCs can be critically affected by genetic or acquired pathological conditions. In this review, we highlight new dynamic in vitro assays that explore various hereditary blood disorders and parasitic infectious diseases that cause disruption of RBC morphology and mechanics. In particular, recent advances in high-throughput microfluidic devices make it possible to sort/identify healthy and pathological human RBCs with different mechanobiological characteristics.

中文翻译：

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健康和疾病中人类红细胞的形状和生物力学特征。

人红细胞 (RBC) 的双凹形状和相应的可变形性是其生物学功能的基本特征。RBC 的这一特征可能会受到遗传或获得性病理状况的严重影响。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了新的动态体外分析，这些分析探索了各种导致红细胞形态和力学破坏的遗传性血液疾病和寄生虫感染性疾病。特别是，高通量微流控装置的最新进展使得对具有不同机械生物学特征的健康和病理性人类红细胞进行分类/识别成为可能。