A series of pyrolysis experiments, utilizing two different immature kerogens (from the Monterey and Green River Formations) mixed with common sedimentary minerals (calcite, illite, or Na-montmorillonite), was conducted to study the impact of the mineral matrix on the bitumen that was generated. Calcite has no significant influence on the thermal evolution of bitumen and also shows virtually no adsorption capacity for any of the pyrolysate. In contrast, montmorillonite and illite, to a lesser extent, alter bitumen during dry pyrolysis. Montmorillonite and illite also display strong adsorption capacities for the polar constituents of bitumen. By this process, hydrocarbons are substantially concentrated within the pyrolysate that is not strongly adsorbed on the clay matrices. The effects of the clay minerals are significantly reduced during hydrous pyrolysis. The strong adsorption capacities of montmorillonite and illite, as well as their thermocatalytic properties, may in part explain why light oils and gases are generated from certain argillaceous source-rock assemblages, whereas heavy immature oils are often derived from carbonate source rocks.

中文翻译：

---

矿物质在有机质热蚀变中的作用——Ⅲ．在实验室实验中生成沥青

使用两种不同的未成熟干酪根（来自蒙特雷和格林河组）与常见的沉积矿物（方解石、伊利石或钠蒙脱石）混合进行了一系列热解实验，以研究矿物基质对沥青的影响被生成。方解石对沥青的热演化没有显着影响，并且对任何热解产物也几乎没有吸附能力。相比之下，蒙脱石和伊利石在较小程度上会在干热解过程中改变沥青。蒙脱石和伊利石对沥青的极性成分也显示出很强的吸附能力。通过这个过程，烃类基本上浓缩在热解产物中，而不会强烈吸附在粘土基质上。在含水热解过程中，粘土矿物的作用显着降低。蒙脱石和伊利石的强吸附能力及其热催化性质可能在一定程度上解释了为什么某些泥质烃源岩组合会产生轻质油气，而重质未成熟油通常来自碳酸盐烃源岩。