Naegleria fowleri causes the usually fatal disease primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), typically in people who have been swimming in warm, untreated freshwater. Recently, some cases in the United States were associated with exposure to treated drinking water. In 2013, a case of PAM was reported for the first time in association with the exposure to water from a US treated drinking water system colonized with culturable N. fowleri. This system and another were found to have multiple areas with undetectable disinfectant residual levels. In response, the water distribution systems were temporarily converted from chloramine disinfection to chlorine to inactivate N. fowleri and reduced biofilm in the distribution systems. Once >1.0 mg/L free chlorine residual was attained in all systems for 60 days, water testing was performed; N. fowleri was not detected in water samples after the chlorine conversion. This investigation highlights the importance of maintaining adequate residual disinfectant levels in drinking water distribution systems. Water distribution system managers should be knowledgeable about the ecology of their systems, understand potential water quality changes when water temperatures increase, and work to eliminate areas in which biofilm growth may be problematic and affect water quality.

中文翻译：

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2013年至2014年在路易斯安那州的两个经过处理的饮用水分配系统中检测到鸡奈格氏菌后的响应和补救措施。

禽流感综合症通常是致命的原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎（PAM），主要发生在未经处理的温水中游泳的人。最近，在美国，有些病例与接触处理过的饮用水有关。2013年，首次报告了一起PAM病例，该病例与来自美国的经过处理的饮用水系统中富集的可培养N. Fowleri的饮用水接触有关。发现该系统和另一个系统的多个区域残留了不可检测的消毒剂。作为响应，水分配系统暂时从氯胺消毒转换为氯气，以灭活福寿猪笼草并减少分配系统中的生物膜。60天后，所有系统中的游离氯残留量均> 1.0 mg / L后，进行水测试；N. 氯气转化后的水样中未检出禽流感。这项调查突出了在饮用水分配系统中保持足够的残留消毒剂水平的重要性。供水系统的管理者应了解其系统的生态学知识，了解水温升高时潜在的水质变化，并努力消除可能存在生物膜生长问题并影响水质的区域。