ABSTRACT With the aim towards establishing an animal model of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 12 piglets aged 9 weeks (mean body weight 21 kg) were surgically provided with central venous catheters. Six piglets were nourished parenterally with the objective to reach a 14-d period of TPN; the other six piglets served as control and were fed normally. Only one animal from each group could be monitored over the whole period. Nine piglets were euthanised on d 13 and one on d 12. No animal showed fever or signs of septicaemia during the study. The levels of Ca, Mg, Na and P in the blood were within the normal range as were those for blood glucose and plasma creatinine. Symptoms of the TPN included: transient diarrhoea, occasional appearance of faecal blood and occasional absence of defecation. A reduced small intestine length and altered mucosal morphology and function were observed. One animal showed bile stasis at the end of the study. All TPN animals showed a remarkably high level of blood urea early in the morning. The intestinal symptoms observed may resemble the human situation during TPN. However, due to the fast growth rate, pigs aged 9 weeks have higher nutrient requirements per kg body weight. Consequently, the osmolality of the nutrient solution was necessarily high. Whether the significantly higher blood urea observed in the TPN group reflected a catabolic metabolism during the starving period at night-time could not be conclusively shown. Alternatively, it could reflect a slower growth rate and a resulting quantitative excess of amino acids (AA), or could have been the consequence of a suboptimal AA composition. A permanent infusion would be favourable in order not to overcharge the capacity for glucose uptake and amino acid metabolism during the infusion.

中文翻译：

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一种模拟肠内营养重新开始的猪动物模型（再喂养模型）

摘要 为了建立全胃肠外营养 (TPN) 动物模型，12 头 9 周龄（平均体重 21 kg）的仔猪通过手术植入中心静脉导管。六头仔猪进行肠胃外营养，目标是达到 14 天的 TPN；其他六头仔猪作为对照，正常喂养。在整个时期内只能监测每组中的一只动物。在第 13 天对 9 头小猪实施安乐死，在第 12 天对 1 头小猪实施安乐死。研究期间没有动物出现发烧或败血症迹象。血液中 Ca、Mg、Na 和 P 的水平与血糖和血浆肌酐的水平均在正常范围内。TPN 的症状包括：暂时性腹泻、偶尔出现粪便带血和偶尔不排便。观察到小肠长度减少和粘膜形态和功能改变。一只动物在研究结束时出现胆汁淤滞。所有 TPN 动物在清晨都显示出非常高的血尿素水平。观察到的肠道症状可能类似于 TPN 期间的人类情况。然而，由于生长速度快，9周龄的猪每公斤体重的营养需求量更高。因此，营养液的渗透压必然很高。在 TPN 组中观察到的显着较高的血尿素浓度是否反映了夜间饥饿期间的分解代谢，尚无法最终确定。或者，它可能反映了较慢的生长速度和由此产生的氨基酸 (AA) 数量过剩，或者可能是次优 AA 组成的结果。