Taxane‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (TIPN) is the most common non‐hematological side effect of taxane‐based chemotherapy, and may result in dose reductions and discontinuations, having as such a detrimental effect on patients' overall survival. Epothilones share similar mechanism of action with taxanes. The typical TIPN clinical presentation is mainly comprised of numbness and paresthesia, in a stocking‐and‐glove distribution and may progress more proximally over time, with paclitaxel being more neurotoxic than docetaxel. Motor and autonomic involvement is less common, whereas an acute taxane‐induced acute pain syndrome is frequent. Patient reported outcomes questionnaires, clinical evaluation, and instrumental tools offer complementary information in TIPN. Its electrodiagnostic features include reduced/abolished sensory action potentials, and less prominent motor involvement, in keeping with a length‐dependent, axonal dying back predominately sensory neuropathy. TIPN is dose‐dependent and may be reversible within months after the end of chemotherapy. The single and cumulative delivered dose of taxanes is considered the main risk factor of TIPN development. Apart from the cumulative dose, other risk factors for TIPN include demographic, clinical, and pharmacogenetic features with several single‐nucleotide polymorphisms potentially linked with increased susceptibility of TIPN. There are currently no neuroprotective strategies to reduce the risk of TIPN, and symptomatic treatments are very limited. This review critically examines the pathogenesis, incidence, risk factors (both clinical and pharmacogenetic), clinical phenotype and management of TIPN.

中文翻译：

---

紫杉烷和埃博霉素引起的周围神经毒性：从发病机理到治疗方法。

紫杉烷类引起的周围神经毒性（TIPN）是紫杉类类化学疗法最常见的非血液学副作用，可能导致剂量减少和停药，从而对患者的总体生存产生不利影响。埃博洛酮与紫杉烷类具有相似的作用机理。典型的TIPN临床表现主要是麻木和感觉异常，分布在长袜和手套中，并且随着时间的推移可能会向近端发展，紫杉醇比多西紫杉醇更具神经毒性。运动和自主神经受累较少，而急性紫杉烷诱发的急性疼痛综合症则很常见。患者报告的结果调查表，临床评估和工具工具在TIPN中提供了补充信息。它的电诊断功能包括减少/消除感觉动作电位，垂死为主的感觉神经病。TIPN是剂量依赖性的，在化疗结束后的几个月内可能是可逆的。紫杉烷的单一和累积递送剂量被认为是TIPN发展的主要危险因素。除累积剂量外，TIPN的其他危险因素还包括人口统计学，临床和药物遗传学特征，以及几种单核苷酸多态性，可能与TIPN的易感性增加有关。目前尚无降低TIPN风险的神经保护策略，对症治疗非常有限。这篇综述严格审查了TIPN的发病机制，发病率，危险因素（临床和药理学方面），临床表型和管理。