The objective of this study was to describe changes in the gene expression in the Chilean catfish, Trichomycterus areolatus, based on their geographic location within the Choapa River. Genes of choice included those that are biomarkers of exposure to metals, oxidative stress, and endocrine disruption. Male and female T. areolatus were sampled from four sites in January 2015 differently impacted by human activities. In males, but not females, hepatic gene expression of heat shock protein (HSP70) and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) were significantly elevated at the site adjacent to the small city of Salamanca, relative to the other sites. In females, hepatic HSP70, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), and the estrogen responsive genes, vitellogenin (VTG) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), were significantly lower at the site located furthest downstream. A similar downstream pattern of lower expression levels also was found in ovarian tissue for the genes, HSP70 and ERα. Gill gene expression showed a unique pattern in females as levels of metallothionein were elevated at the site furthest downstream. While analytical chemistry of water samples provided limited evidence of agrichemical contamination, the gene expression data are consistent with an exposure to agrichemicals and metals. T. areolatus may be a valuable sentinel organism and its use as a bioindicator species in some rivers within Chile can provide considerable insight, particularly in situations analytical chemistry is limited by environmental constraints.

中文翻译：

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在智利科金博的霍帕河盆地的智利铅笔Cat鱼（Trichomycterus areolatus）中评估基因表达生物标记。

这项研究的目的是根据智利cat鱼Trichomycterus areolatus在Choapa河中的地理位置来描述其基因表达的变化。选择的基因包括那些暴露于金属，氧化应激和内分泌破坏的生物标记。2015年1月，从四个地点取样了男性和女性丁形支睾吸虫，它们受到人类活动的影响不同。在雄性而非雌性中，相对于其他位置，在邻近萨拉曼卡小城市的位置，肝脏热休克蛋白（HSP70）和细胞色素P450 1A（CYP1A）的肝基因表达显着升高。在雌性中，肝HSP70，芳基烃受体（AHR）和雌激素反应基因卵黄蛋白原（VTG）和雌激素受体α（ERα）在下游最远的位置明显较低。在HSP70和ERα基因的卵巢组织中也发现了较低水平的下游表达模式。metal基因表达在雌性中表现出独特的模式，因为金属硫蛋白的水平在最下游的位置升高。虽然水样的分析化学提供了农业化学污染的有限证据，但是基因表达数据与农业化学和金属的暴露是一致的。槟榔T.可能是一种有价值的前哨生物，它在智利一些河流中作为生物指示物种的用途可以提供相当多的见识，特别是在分析化学受到环境限制的情况下。metal基因表达在雌性中表现出独特的模式，因为金属硫蛋白的水平在最下游的位置升高。虽然水样的分析化学提供了农业化学污染的有限证据，但是基因表达数据与农业化学和金属的暴露是一致的。槟榔T.可能是一种有价值的前哨生物，它在智利一些河流中作为生物指示物种的用途可以提供相当多的见识，特别是在分析化学受到环境限制的情况下。metal基因表达在雌性中表现出独特的模式，因为金属硫蛋白的水平在最下游的位置升高。虽然水样的分析化学提供了农业化学污染的有限证据，但是基因表达数据与农业化学和金属的暴露是一致的。槟榔T.可能是一种有价值的前哨生物，它在智利一些河流中作为生物指示物种的用途可以提供相当多的见识，特别是在分析化学受到环境限制的情况下。