Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites frequently affecting agronomical crops and consequently imposing a major challenge for food safety and public health. In this study, a total of 67 raw cereals (55 maize and 12 sorghum) were collected from the market of Togo. The samples were investigated on the occurrence of 21 mycotoxins using state-of-the-art high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The most frequent occurring mycotoxins were fumonisins (88 and 67% for maize and sorghum respectively) with concentrations ranging from 101 to 1838 μg/kg for maize and 81.5 to 361 μg/kg for sorghum, respectively. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 38% of the maize samples with maximum contamination levels of 256 μg/kg, and 25% of the sorghum samples (range 6–16 μg/kg). The concentrations of aflatoxins were high in maize, with some cases exceeding the maximum legislative limits (EU) for unprocessed maize placed on the market. In addition to these high contamination levels, the co-occurrence of three classes of mycotoxins (i.e., aflatoxins, fumonisins, and trichothecenes) was observed in this study. For the first time, the multi-mycotoxins occurrence in agronomical crops in Togo was reported.

中文翻译：

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多哥玉米和高粱中霉菌毒素的自然存在。

霉菌毒素是真菌的次生代谢产物，经常影响农作物，因此对食品安全和公共卫生构成重大挑战。在这项研究中，从多哥市场收集了总共67种谷物（55种玉米和12种高粱）。使用最先进的高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS / MS），对样品中21种真菌毒素的存在进行了研究。最常见的霉菌毒素是伏马菌素（玉米和高粱分别为88％和67％），玉米的浓度范围为101至1838μg/ kg，高粱的浓度范围为81.5至361μg/ kg。在38％的玉米样品中检测到黄曲霉毒素B1，最大污染水平为256μg/ kg，在高粱样品中检测到25％（6–16μg/ kg）。玉米中黄曲霉毒素的含量很高，有些情况超过了市场上未加工玉米的最高立法限制（EU）。除了这些高污染水平外，在这项研究中还观察到了三类真菌毒素（即黄曲霉毒素，伏马毒素和曲霉毒素）的共现。第一次报道了多哥农作物中多霉菌毒素的发生。