Due to their ability to effectively downregulate the expression of target genes, small interfering RNA (siRNA) have emerged as promising candidates for precision medicine in cancer. Although some siRNA-based treatments have advanced to clinical trials, challenges such as poor stability during circulation, and less than optimal pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of siRNA in vivo present barriers to the systemic delivery of siRNA. In recent years, theranostic nanomedicine integrating siRNA delivery has attracted significant attention for precision medicine. Theranostic nanomedicine takes advantage of the high capacity of nanoplatforms to ferry cargo with imaging and therapeutic capabilities. These theranostic nanoplatforms have the potential to play a major role in gene specific treatments. Here we have reviewed recent advances in the use of theranostic nanoplatforms to deliver siRNA, and discussed the opportunities as well as challenges associated with this exciting technology. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.

中文翻译：

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癌症精密纳米医学中的治疗性小干扰RNA纳米颗粒。

由于其有效下调靶基因表达的能力，小干扰RNA（siRNA）已成为癌症精密医学的有希望的候选者。尽管一些基于siRNA的治疗方法已经进入临床试验，但是诸如循环过程中的稳定性差以及体内siRNA的药代动力学和生物分布不佳等挑战仍然对siRNA的全身性传递构成了障碍。近年来，整合了siRNA递送的治疗性纳米医学引起了精密医学的极大关注。Theranostic纳米医学利用纳米平台的高容量运送具有成像和治疗功能的货物。这些治疗性纳米平台有可能在基因特异性治疗中发挥主要作用。在这里，我们回顾了使用治疗性纳米平台递送siRNA的最新进展，并讨论了与这一令人兴奋的技术相关的机遇和挑战。本文归类于：诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像治疗方法与药物发现>用于肿瘤疾病的纳米药物可植入材料和外科技术>纳米材料和植入物。