The fungus, Diaporthe toxica, anamorph Phomopsis sp., previously classified as P. leptostromiformis, is a plant endophyte and occasional pathogen, causing Phomopsis stem blight. This disease is damaging not only to lupins but also to the animals grazing on infected plants, due to the toxic secondary metabolites called phomopsins. The aim of this work was to validate markers for resistance to Phomopsis stem blight in narrow-leafed lupins and identify novel germplasm with increased levels of resistance to the disease. Plant inoculations were performed using ten isolates of D. toxica, originating from Australia and Poland. The European core collection of L. angustifolius was evaluated both in a controlled environment and with field experiments to classify the accessions based on their resistance to the disease. Simultaneously, the accessions were assayed with disease resistance markers to identify donors of hypothetical resistance alleles. We have found that the European lupin germplasm collection preserves wild and domesticated donors of at least two resistance genes to Phomopsis stem blight, including Phr1 and PhtjR. Molecular markers PhtjM7, InDel2, and InDel10, tagging PhtjR gene, were applicable for marker-assisted selection targeting the European gene pool with an expected accuracy of 95%. None of diagnostic markers for the Phr1 locus was found useful for European breeding programs; two existing markers Ph258M1 and Ph258M2 were unreliable, due to a high percentage of false-positive results (up to 58%) and a high recombination rate between markers (~ 30%).

中文翻译：

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在欧洲羽扇豆种质中对Diaporthe toxica抗性标记进行验证，并鉴定用于标记辅助选择的新型抗性供体。

木耳，Diaporthe中毒性，无性拟茎点霉属，以前归为P. leptostromiformis，是一种植物内生菌和偶尔的病原体，导致拟茎点枯病。这种疾病不仅危害羽扇豆，而且还损害被吃草的植物放牧的动物，这是由于有毒的次生代谢产物称为磷视蛋白。这项工作的目的是验证窄叶羽扇豆对枯萎病茎杆枯萎病的抗性标记，并鉴定出对这种疾病的抗性水平提高的新型种质。使用来自澳大利亚和波兰的十种毒死D分离株进行了植物接种。L. angustifolius的欧洲核心收藏在受控环境中和野外试验中对玉米进行了评估，以根据其对疾病的抗性对这些种进行分类。同时，用疾病抗性标记物分析这些种质，以鉴定假设的抗性等位基因的供体。我们发现欧洲羽扇豆种质资源保存了至少两个对拟南芥枯萎病抗性基因的野生和驯养供体，包括Phr1和PhtjR。标记PhtjR基因的分子标记PhtjM7，InDel2和InDel10适用于以欧洲基因库为目标的标记辅助选择，预期准确性为95％。没有Phr1的诊断标记发现基因座对欧洲育种计划有用；现有的两个标记物Ph258M1和Ph258M2不可靠，原因是假阳性结果的比例很高（最高58％），标记物之间的重组率很高（〜30％）。