PURPOSE To investigate whether optical quality could be improved by cylindrical correction for low astigmatic eyes with different amounts and axis orientations in patients with myopia up to - 3.00 diopters (D). METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolling healthy young eyes with 0 to - 3.00 D myopia and - 0.50 to - 0.75 D myopic astigmatism was implemented. With a repeated-measures design, outcome measures were sequentially obtained for each subject under two correction modalities: spherocylindrical correction and spherical correction. Subjective refraction was used to determine the refractive prescriptions accordingly in the two correction modalities to obtain optimal subject-reported visual acuity. Primary outcomes were optical quality parameters including objective scatter index (OSI), modulation transfer function (MTF) cut-off, Strehl ratio (SR), and a simulated contrast visual acuity-optical quality analysis system (OQAS) values (OV) obtained by a double-pass system. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was measured as a secondary outcome. Outcome comparisons between the two correction modalities were performed by grouping in different amounts (- 0.50 D, - 0.75 D) and axes (with the rule, WTR; against the rule, ATR; oblique, OBL) of astigmatism. RESULTS A total of 194 eyes of 194 subjects were evaluated. Significantly better CDVA were shown by spherocylindrical correction for all types of astigmatism except for - 0.50 D WTR astigmatism (P = 0.831). For eyes with - 0.50 D WTR astigmatism, better outcome was only shown in OSI with spherocylindrical correction (P = 0.019). For eyes with - 0.50 D ATR and OBL astigmatism, spherocylindrical correction demonstrated better outcomes in all parameters except for SR (P > 0.05). For eyes with - 0.75 D astigmatism, significantly better outcomes in all optical quality parameters were shown with spherocylindrical correction regardless of the axis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Eyes with ATR or OBL myopic astigmatism may benefit in optical quality and visual acuity by combining a cylindrical correction even with a low amount down to - 0.50 D. However, optical quality and visual acuity improvement are limited for WTR astigmatic eyes when the amount of astigmatism is less than - 0.75 D.

中文翻译：

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具有或不具有柱面矫正功能的低散光眼的光学质量。

目的探讨近视患者至-3.00屈光度（D）时，通过矫正具有不同数量和轴方向的低散光眼睛是否可以通过圆柱矫正来改善光学质量。方法进行了一项横断面研究，该研究招募了0至-3.00 D近视和-0.50至-0.75 D近视散光的健康年轻眼睛。通过重复测量设计，可以按两种矫正方式依次为每个受试者获得结果测量：球面矫正和球面矫正。主观验光被用来在两种矫正方式中相应地确定验光处方，以获得最佳的受试者报告的视敏度。主要结果是光学质量参数，包括客观散射指数（OSI），调制传递函数（MTF）截止值，斯特列尔比（SR），通过双通道系统获得的模拟对比视觉敏锐度-光学质量分析系统（OQAS）值（OV）。校正后的远距离视力（CDVA）作为次要结果进行了测量。通过将不同数量（-0.50 D，-0.75 D）和轴（规则为WTR；反对规则为ATR；斜线，OBL）分组，进行两种矫正方式之间的结果比较。结果对194名受试者的194只眼睛进行了评估。球镜矫正对所有类型的散光都显示出明显更好的CDVA，除了-0.50 D WTR散光（P = 0.831）。对于具有-0.50 D WTR散光的眼睛，仅在球镜矫正的OSI中显示更好的结果（P = 0.019）。对于具有-0.50 D ATR和OBL散光的眼睛，球镜矫正显示除SR以外的所有参数均具有更好的结果（P> 0.05）。对于具有-0.75 D散光的眼睛，无论球体轴如何，球镜矫正均显示所有光学质量参数的明显改善（P <0.05）。结论结合使用ATR或OBL近视散光的眼睛，即使是低至-0.50 D的低矫正度，也可以通过结合圆柱矫正来提高光学质量和视敏度。但是，当WTR散光眼的使用量达到散光小于-0.75D。