Cancer is the uncontrollable abnormal division of cell growth, caused due to the varied reasons. Cancer can be expressed in any part of the body, and it is one of the death-causing diseases. Human reproductive organs are commonly damaged by cancer. In particular, the women reproductive system is affected by various cancers including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, vaginal, fallopian tube, and vulvar cancers. Identifying these cancers at earlier stages prevents the damage to the organs. Aptamer is the potential probe that can identify these cancers. Aptamer is an artificial antibody selected from the randomized library of molecules and has a high binding affinity to the target biomarker. Targeting cancers in the reproductive organs using aptamers showed an excellent efficiency of detection compared to other probes. Different aptamers have been generated against the gynaecological cancer biomarkers, which include HE4, CA125, VEGF, OCCA (for ovarian cancer), EGFR, FGFR1, K-ras (for endometrial cancer), HPV E-16, HPV E-7, HPV E-6, tyrosine, and kinase (for cervical cancer), which help to identify the cancers in woman reproductive organs. In this overview, the biomarkers for gynecologic cancers and the relevant diagnosing systems generated using the specific aptamers are discussed. Furthermore, the therapeutic applications of aptamer with gynaecological cancers are narrated.

中文翻译：

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鉴定妇科癌症诊断和治疗生物标志物和高亲和力适体的最新进展。

癌症是由于多种原因引起的细胞生长无法控制的异常分裂。癌症可以表现在身体的任何部位，是导致死亡的疾病之一。人类生殖器官通常会受到癌症的损害。特别是，女性生殖系统受到各种癌症的影响，包括卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、阴道癌、输卵管癌和外阴癌。在早期阶段识别这些癌症可以防止器官受损。适体是可以识别这些癌症的潜在探针。适体是从随机分子库中选择的人工抗体，与目标生物标志物具有高结合亲和力。与其他探针相比，使用适体靶向生殖器官中的癌症显示出优异的检测效率。针对妇科癌症生物标志物产生了不同的适体，包括 HE4、CA125、VEGF、OCCA（用于卵巢癌）、EGFR、FGFR1、K-ras（用于子宫内膜癌）、HPV E-16、HPV E-7、HPV E-6、酪氨酸和激酶（用于宫颈癌），有助于识别女性生殖器官的癌症。在本概述中，讨论了妇科癌症的生物标志物以及使用特定适体生成的相关诊断系统。此外，还叙述了适体在妇科癌症的治疗应用。