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Development of the Australian Cancer Atlas: spatial modelling, visualisation, and reporting of estimates.
International Journal of Health Geographics ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s12942-019-0185-9
Earl W Duncan 1, 2 , Susanna M Cramb 1, 3 , Joanne F Aitken 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 , Kerrie L Mengersen 1, 2 , Peter D Baade 3, 4
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND It is well known that the burden caused by cancer can vary geographically, which may relate to differences in health, economics or lifestyle. However, to date, there was no comprehensive picture of how the cancer burden, measured by cancer incidence and survival, varied by small geographical area across Australia. METHODS The Atlas consists of 2148 Statistical Areas level 2 across Australia defined by the Australian Statistical Geography Standard which provide the best compromise between small population and small area. Cancer burden was estimated for males, females, and persons separately, with 50 unique sex-specific (males, females, all persons) cancer types analysed. Incidence and relative survival were modelled with Bayesian spatial models using the Leroux prior which was carefully selected to provide adequate spatial smoothing while reflecting genuine geographic variation. Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation was used because it facilitates quantifying the uncertainty of the posterior estimates numerically and visually. RESULTS The results of the statistical model and visualisation development were published through the release of the Australian Cancer Atlas ( https://atlas.cancer.org.au ) in September, 2018. The Australian Cancer Atlas provides the first freely available, digital, interactive picture of cancer incidence and survival at the small geographical level across Australia with a focus on incorporating uncertainty, while also providing the tools necessary for accurate estimation and appropriate interpretation and decision making. CONCLUSIONS The success of the Atlas will be measured by how widely it is used by key stakeholders to guide research and inform decision making. It is hoped that the Atlas and the methodology behind it motivates new research opportunities that lead to improvements in our understanding of the geographical patterns of cancer burden, possible causes or risk factors, and the reasons for differences in variation between cancer types, both within Australia and globally. Future versions of the Atlas are planned to include new data sources to include indicators such as cancer screening and treatment, and extensions to the statistical methods to incorporate changes in geographical patterns over time.

中文翻译:

澳大利亚癌症地图集的发展:空间建模,可视化和估计报告。

背景技术众所周知,由癌症引起的负担可以在地理上变化,这可能与健康,经济或生活方式上的差异有关。但是,迄今为止,还没有关于在澳大利亚各地的地理范围如何变化(以癌症发生率和生存率衡量)的癌症负担的综合情况。方法该地图集由澳大利亚统计地理标准定义的全澳大利亚2148个2级统计区域组成,这在小人口和小区域之间提供了最佳折衷方案。分别估计了男性,女性和个人的癌症负担,并分析了50种独特的性别特异性(男性,女性,所有人)癌症类型。发病率和相对生存率使用Leroux进行贝叶斯空间模型建模,该模型经过仔细选择以提供足够的空间平滑度,同时反映出真实的地理变化。使用了马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗估计,因为它有助于从数字和视觉上量化后验估计的不确定性。结果统计模型和可视化开发的结果已通过2018年9月发布的《澳大利亚癌症地图集》(https://atlas.cancer.org.au)发布。《澳大利亚癌症地图集》提供了首个免费的数字化,在整个澳大利亚的较小地理区域内的癌症发病率和生存率的互动图片,重点是纳入不确定性,同时还提供了进行准确估算以及适当的解释和决策所需的工具。结论Atlas的成功将通过关键利益相关者广泛使用以指导研究和为决策提供依据来衡量。希望地图集及其背后的方法能够激发新的研究机会,从而使我们对澳大利亚的癌症负担的地理模式,可能的原因或危险因素以及癌症类型之间差异差异的原因的理解有所提高在全球范围内。Atlas的未来版本计划包括新的数据源,以包括诸如癌症筛查和治疗等指标,以及对统计方法的扩展,以纳入地理格局随时间的变化。结论将通过关键利益相关者广泛使用它来指导研究和为决策提供依据来衡量Atlas的成功与否。希望地图集及其背后的方法能够激发新的研究机会,从而使我们对澳大利亚的癌症负担的地理模式,可能的原因或危险因素以及癌症类型之间差异差异的原因的理解有所提高在全球范围内。Atlas的未来版本计划包括新的数据源,以包括诸如癌症筛查和治疗等指标,以及对统计方法的扩展,以纳入地理格局随时间的变化。结论Atlas的成功将通过关键利益相关者广泛使用以指导研究和为决策提供依据来衡量。希望地图集及其背后的方法能够激发新的研究机会,从而使我们对澳大利亚的癌症负担的地理模式,可能的原因或危险因素以及癌症类型之间差异差异的原因的理解有所提高在全球范围内。Atlas的未来版本计划包括新的数据源,以包括诸如癌症筛查和治疗等指标,以及对统计方法的扩展,以纳入地理格局随时间的变化。希望地图集及其背后的方法能够激发新的研究机会,从而使我们对澳大利亚的癌症负担的地理模式,可能的原因或危险因素以及癌症类型之间差异差异的原因的理解有所提高在全球范围内。Atlas的未来版本计划包括新的数据源,以包括诸如癌症筛查和治疗等指标,以及对统计方法的扩展,以纳入地理格局随时间的变化。希望地图集及其背后的方法能够激发新的研究机会,从而使我们对澳大利亚的癌症负担的地理模式,可能的原因或危险因素以及癌症类型之间差异差异的原因的理解有所提高在全球范围内。Atlas的未来版本计划包括新的数据源,以包括诸如癌症筛查和治疗等指标,以及扩展统计方法以纳入地理格局随时间变化的信息。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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