Arabian horses are commonly believed to be one of the oldest and most influential horse breeds in the world. The high financial benefits obtained from races tend to search for genetic markers strongly correlated with the results achieved. To date, the modern approaches such as transcriptome, miRNAome, and metabolome analyses have been used to investigate the genetic background of racing performance as well as endurance capacity in Arabians. The analysis of polymorphisms at the genome level has also been applied to the detection of genetic variants associated with exercise phenotype in the Arabian breed. The presented review summarizes these findings, with a focus on the genetics underlying flat racing and endurance performance traits in different Arabian horse populations.

中文翻译：

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阿拉伯马赛马成绩的遗传学。

人们普遍认为阿拉伯马是世界上最古老，最有影响力的马种之一。从种族获得的高额经济利益倾向于寻找与获得的结果密切相关的遗传标记。迄今为止，诸如转录组，miRNAome和代谢组分析等现代方法已被用于研究阿拉伯人赛车表现以及耐力的遗传背景。在基因组水平上的多态性分析也已用于检测与阿拉伯品种中运动表型有关的遗传变异。提出的综述总结了这些发现，并着重于不同阿拉伯马种群中扁平竞速和耐力表现特征的遗传学基础。