Western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is among the most economically important agricultural pests globally, attacking a wide range of vegetable and horticultural crops. In addition to causing extensive crop damage, the species is notorious for vectoring destructive plant viruses, mainly belonging to the genera Orthotospovirus, Ilarvirus, Alphacarmovirus and Machlomovirus. Once infected by orthotospoviruses, thrips can remain virulent throughout their lifespan and continue transmitting viruses to host plants when and wherever they feed. These irruptive viral outbreaks in crops will permanently disrupt functional integrated pest management systems, and typically require a remedial treatment involving insecticides, contributing to further development of insecticide resistance. To mitigate against this continuing cycle, the most effective management is early and comprehensive surveillance of the pest species and recognition of plant viruses in the field. This review provides information on the pest status of F. occidentalis, discusses the current global status of the viruses vectored by this thrip species, examines the mechanisms involved in transmitting virus‐induced diseases by thrips, and reviews different management strategies, highlighting the potential management tactics developed for various cropping systems. The early surveillance and the utilization of potential methods for control of both F. occidentalis and viruses are proposed.

中文翻译：

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蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis）的全球入侵：当前病毒载体状况及其管理


西花蓟马，Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)，是全球经济上最重要的农业害虫之一，危害多种蔬菜和园艺作物。除了造成广泛的农作物损害外，该物种还因传播破坏性植物病毒而臭名昭著，这些病毒主要属于正孢病毒属、伊拉病毒属、甲壳病毒属和Machlomovirus属。一旦被正孢子病毒感染，蓟马在其整个生命周期中都可以保持毒力，并在其取食的时间和地点继续将病毒传播给宿主植物。农作物中的这些破坏性病毒爆发将永久破坏功能性综合害虫管理系统，通常需要使用杀虫剂进行补救处理，从而进一步促进杀虫剂抗药性的发展。为了缓解这种持续的循环，最有效的管理是对害虫种类进行早期和全面的监测并在田间识别植物病毒。本综述提供了有关西蓟马害虫状况的信息，讨论了该蓟马物种传播的病毒的当前全球状况，研究了蓟马传播病毒引起的疾病的机制，并回顾了不同的管理策略，强调了潜在的管理策略为各种种植系统开发的策略。提出了早期监测和利用潜在方法来控制 F. occidentalis 和病毒。