We report the phased genome sequence of an interspecific hybrid, the flowering cherry 'Somei-Yoshino' (Cerasus × yedoensis). The sequence data were obtained by single-molecule real-time sequencing technology, split into two subsets based on genome information of the two probable ancestors, and assembled to obtain two haplotype phased genome sequences of the interspecific hybrid. The resultant genome assembly consisting of the two haplotype sequences spanned 690.1 Mb with 4,552 contigs and an N50 length of 1.0 Mb. We predicted 95,076 high-confidence genes, including 94.9% of the core eukaryotic genes. Based on a high-density genetic map, we established a pair of eight pseudomolecule sequences, with highly conserved structures between the two haplotype sequences with 2.4 million sequence variants. A whole genome resequencing analysis of flowering cherries suggested that 'Somei-Yoshino' might be derived from a cross between C. spachiana and either C. speciosa or its relatives. A time-course transcriptome analysis of floral buds and flowers suggested comprehensive changes in gene expression in floral bud development towards flowering. These genome and transcriptome data are expected to provide insights into the evolution and cultivation of flowering cherry and the molecular mechanism underlying flowering.

中文翻译：

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种间杂种开花樱桃'Somei-Yoshino'（Cerasus×yedoensis）的相控基因组序列。

我们报告了一种种间杂种，开花樱桃'Somei-吉野'（Cerasus×yedoensis）的分阶段的基因组序列。通过单分子实时测序技术获得序列数据，基于两个可能祖先的基因组信息将其分为两个子集，并组装以获得两个种间杂种的单倍型相控基因组序列。得到的由两个单倍型序列组成的基因组装配体跨度为690.1 Mb，具有4,552个重叠群，N50长度为1.0 Mb。我们预测了95,076个高可信度基因，其中包括94.9％的核心真核基因。基于高密度遗传图谱，我们建立了一对八个假分子序列，两个单倍型序列之间具有高度保守的结构，具有240万个序列变体。对开花樱桃进行的全基因组重测序分析表明，'Somei-Yoshino'可能源于C. spachiana和C. speciosa或其亲属之间的杂交。对花蕾和花朵的时程转录组分析表明，花蕾向开花的发育过程中基因表达的全面变化。这些基因组和转录组数据有望为开花樱桃的进化和栽培以及开花的分子机制提供深刻见解。