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Pichia pastoris protease-deficient and auxotrophic strains generated by a novel, user-friendly vector toolbox for gene deletion.
Yeast ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-30 , DOI: 10.1002/yea.3426
Mudassar Ahmad 1 , Christine M Winkler 1 , Markus Kolmbauer 1 , Harald Pichler 1, 2 , Helmut Schwab 1, 2 , Anita Emmerstorfer-Augustin 1
Affiliation  

Targeted gene knockouts play an important role in the study of gene function. For the generation of knockouts in the industrially important yeast Pichia pastoris, several protocols have been published to date. Nevertheless, creating a targeted knockout in P. pastoris still is a time-consuming process, as the existing protocols are labour intensive and/or prone to accumulate nucleotide mutations. In this study, we introduce a novel, user-friendly vector-based system for the generation of targeted knockouts in P. pastoris. Upon confirming the successful knockout, respective selection markers can easily be recycled. Excision of the marker is mediated by Flippase (Flp) recombinase and occurs at high frequency (≥95%). We validated our knockout system by deleting 20 (confirmed and putative) protease genes and five genes involved in biosynthetic pathways. For the first time, we describe gene deletions of PRO3 and PHA2 in P. pastoris, genes involved in proline, and phenylalanine biosynthesis, respectively. Unexpectedly, knockout strains of PHA2 did not display the anticipated auxotrophy for phenylalanine but rather showed a bradytroph phenotype on minimal medium hinting at an alternative but less efficient pathway for production of phenylalanine exists in P. pastoris. Overall, all knockout vectors can easily be adapted to the gene of interest and strain background by efficient exchange of target homology regions and selection markers in single cloning steps. Average knockout efficiencies for all 25 genes were shown to be 40%, which is comparably high.

中文翻译:

巴斯德毕赤酵母蛋白酶缺陷型和营养缺陷型菌株由用于基因删除的新型、用户友好的载体工具箱生成。

靶向基因敲除在基因功能研究中起着重要作用。为了在工业上重要的酵母毕赤酵母中产生敲除,迄今为止已经发布了几个协议。然而,在巴斯德毕赤酵母中创建靶向敲除仍然是一个耗时的过程,因为现有的协议是劳动密集型的和/或容易积累核苷酸突变。在这项研究中,我们介绍了一种新颖的、用户友好的基于矢量的系统,用于在巴斯德毕赤酵母中生成靶向敲除。确认成功敲除后,可以轻松回收相应的选择标记。标记物的切除由翻转酶 (Flp) 重组酶介导,并且发生频率很高 (≥95%)。我们通过删除 20 个(已确认和推定的)蛋白酶基因和 5 个参与生物合成途径的基因来验证我们的敲除系统。我们首次描述了 P. pastoris 中 PRO3 和 PHA2 的基因缺失,分别涉及脯氨酸和苯丙氨酸生物合成的基因。出乎意料的是,PHA2 基因敲除菌株并未表现出预期的苯丙氨酸营养缺陷型,而是在基本培养基上表现出缓养表型,这表明巴斯德毕赤酵母中存在另一种但效率较低的苯丙氨酸生产途径。总的来说,通过在单个克隆步骤中有效交换目标同源区域和选择标记,所有敲除载体都可以轻松适应感兴趣的基因和菌株背景。所有 25 个基因的平均敲除效率显示为 40%,这是相对较高的。分别。出乎意料的是,PHA2 基因敲除菌株并未表现出预期的苯丙氨酸营养缺陷型,而是在基本培养基上表现出缓养表型,这表明巴斯德毕赤酵母中存在另一种但效率较低的苯丙氨酸生产途径。总的来说,通过在单个克隆步骤中有效交换目标同源区域和选择标记,所有敲除载体都可以轻松适应感兴趣的基因和菌株背景。所有 25 个基因的平均敲除效率显示为 40%,这是相对较高的。分别。出乎意料的是,PHA2 基因敲除菌株并未表现出预期的苯丙氨酸营养缺陷型,而是在基本培养基上表现出缓养表型,这表明巴斯德毕赤酵母中存在另一种但效率较低的苯丙氨酸生产途径。总的来说,通过在单个克隆步骤中有效交换目标同源区域和选择标记,所有敲除载体都可以轻松适应感兴趣的基因和菌株背景。所有 25 个基因的平均敲除效率显示为 40%,这是相对较高的。通过在单个克隆步骤中有效交换目标同源区域和选择标记,所有敲除载体都可以轻松适应感兴趣的基因和菌株背景。所有 25 个基因的平均敲除效率显示为 40%,这是相对较高的。通过在单个克隆步骤中有效交换目标同源区域和选择标记,所有敲除载体都可以轻松适应感兴趣的基因和菌株背景。所有 25 个基因的平均敲除效率显示为 40%,这是相对较高的。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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