This study examined age-related differences in behavioral reactions to interpersonal conflict within an iterated prisoner's dilemma (PD). Participants completed an iterated PD game alone and with a partner, either a stranger or a friend who accompanied them to the session. The partner, however, was actually a program that occasionally behaved selfishly or always reciprocated. Afterwards, participants formed trait impressions of their partner's morality and competence. Participants cooperated more with friends than strangers and more with reciprocating partners than selfish ones. Older adults cooperated more with selfish partners and offered more favorable impressions than did younger adults. Overall, perceived partner trait morality was positively associated with cooperative behavior. Relative to younger adults, older adults were more passive during conflict but grew less so as selfishness continued. This passivity co-occurred with more favorable partner impressions and better objective performance, suggesting a degree of calibration not shown by younger adults.

中文翻译：

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在反复的囚徒困境中，老年人与年轻人与朋友和陌生人的互动。

这项研究调查了在反复囚徒困境（PD）中对人际冲突的行为反应与年龄相关的差异。参加者单独完成了一个迭代的PD游戏，并与一个陪伴他们的伙伴（一个陌生人或一个朋友）一起完成了游戏。但是，合作伙伴实际上是一个偶尔表现得很自私或总是往复的程序。之后，参与者对伴侣的道德和能力形成了特质印象。与陌生人相比，参与者与朋友的合作更多，与自私伙伴相比，与友人的合作更多。老年人与自私的伙伴合作更多，给人的印象也比年轻人多。总体而言，感知到的伴侣特质道德与合作行为正相关。相对于年轻人，老年人在冲突期间更加被动，但随着自私的持续发展，他们的成长速度变慢。这种被动性伴随着更有利的伴侣印象和更好的客观表现，这表明年轻人没有表现出一定程度的校准。