ABSTRACT The excessive exposure of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from mobile phones or their base stations antenna may influence oxidative stress and development of diabetic complications. Here, we investigated the effects of exposing type 2 diabetic rats to EMR of 900 MHz emitted from GSM mobile phone antenna for 24 hours/day over a period of 28 days on hyperglycemia and hepatic oxidative stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups (12 rats/group): control rats, normal rats exposed to EMR, T2DM rats generated by nicotinamide/streptozotocin administration, and T2DM rats exposed to EMR. Our results showed that the exposure of T2DM rats to EMR nonsignificantly reduced the hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia compared to unexposed T2DM rats. The exposure of T2DM rats to EMR for 28 days increased the hepatic levels of MDA and Nrf-2 as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase but decreased phosphorylated Akt-2 (pAkt-2) as compared to unexposed T2DM rats. Therefore, the decrease in the hepatic pAkt-2 in T2DM rats after the exposure to EMR may result in elevated level of hepatic MDA, even though the level of Nrf-2 and the activities of SOD and catalase were increased. Abbreviations: BGL: blood glucose level; EMR: electromagnetic radiation; GSM: global system for mobile communication; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; LSD: least significance difference; MDA:malondialdehyde; Nrf-2: nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2; PI3K: phosphoinositide-3-kinase; pAkt-2: phosphorylated Akt-2; Akt-2: protein kinase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SEM: standard error of the mean; STZ: streptozotocin; SOD: superoxide dismutase ; O2−: superoxide radical; CT: threshold cycle; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus

中文翻译：

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糖尿病大鼠暴露于手机天线900 MHz电磁辐射对肝脏氧化应激的影响


摘要 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者过度暴露于手机或其基站天线的电磁辐射 (EMR) 可能会影响氧化应激和糖尿病并发症的发生。在这里，我们研究了将 2 型糖尿病大鼠暴露在 GSM 手机天线发射的 900 MHz 电磁辐射下，每天 24 小时，持续 28 天，对高血糖和肝脏氧化应激的影响。将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为4组（12只大鼠/组）：对照大鼠、暴露于EMR的正常大鼠、通过烟酰胺/链脲佐菌素施用产生的T2DM大鼠以及暴露于EMR的T2DM大鼠。我们的结果表明，与未暴露的 T2DM 大鼠相比，暴露于 EMR 的 T2DM 大鼠无显着降低高血糖和高胰岛素血症。与未暴露的 T2DM 大鼠相比，T2DM 大鼠暴露于 EMR 28 天会增加肝脏 MDA 和 Nrf-2 水平以及超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和过氧化氢酶的活性，但会降低磷酸化 Akt-2 (pAkt-2) 。因此，暴露于EMR后T2DM大鼠肝脏pAkt-2的降低可能导致肝脏MDA水平升高，尽管Nrf-2水平以及SOD和过氧化氢酶活性增加。缩写：BGL：血糖水平； EMR：电磁辐射； GSM：全球移动通信系统； H2O2：过氧化氢； LSD：最小显着性差异； MDA：丙二醛； Nrf-2：核因子红细胞2-相关因子2； PI3K：磷酸肌醇-3-激酶； pAkt-2：磷酸化的 Akt-2； Akt-2：蛋白激酶； ROS：活性氧； SEM：平均值的标准误差； STZ：链脲佐菌素； SOD：超氧化物歧化酶； O2−：超氧自由基； CT：阈值周期； T2DM：2 型糖尿病