European inland waters are under continuous threat of anthropogenic pollution. Determination of background level of biomarker response and subsequent classification of the impact increases the applicability of results. In the current study, we evaluate the range of chemical contamination by measuring the concentrations of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls, and the levels of environmental genotoxicity by using the micronuclei and nuclear bud tests in bivalve mussels of the major Lithuanian rivers. Second, we aimed to evaluate the association between chemical contamination and genotoxicity biomarker responses. Finally, we set to determine the background level of genotoxic effects. Such value (summed frequency of MN and NB) was assessed-6‰. On that basis, we develop a scale of potential genotoxic impact and perform ranging sites into five categories. The results clearly indicate the existence of significant differences in the levels of chemical pollution and genotoxicity in different sites. Increased levels of studied parameters were assessed at the areas affected by municipal and industrial effluents, road runoff, combustion products, and in the area contaminated by accidental spillage. On the other hand, downstream decrease of contamination level, presumably associated with biological degradation and photochemical oxidation, were also observed. Genotoxicity parameters were associated with PAH and metal concentrations measured in mussel tissues as well as in sediments. Results also indicate that in situ genotoxicity assessment performed in the areas affected by long-term contamination of municipal origin might be not sufficiently precise. Study highlights the necessity to combine genotoxicity assessment with chemical analysis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

中文翻译：

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来自立陶宛主要河流的双壳贻贝的污染和遗传毒性生物标志物响应。

欧洲内陆水域一直受到人为污染的威胁。确定生物标志物反应的背景水平以及随后对影响进行分类可提高结果的适用性。在当前的研究中，我们通过测量立陶宛主要河流的双壳贻贝中的微核和核芽试验，通过测量金属，多环芳烃和多氯联苯的浓度以及环境遗传毒性水平，来评估化学污染的范围。第二，我们旨在评估化学污染与遗传毒性生物标志物反应之间的关联。最后，我们着手确定遗传毒性作用的背景水平。将该值（MN和NB的总频率）评估为-6‰。在此基础上，我们制定了潜在的遗传毒性影响量表，并将范围划分为五类。结果清楚地表明，不同地点的化学污染和遗传毒性水平存在显着差异。在受市政和工业废水，道路径流，燃烧产物影响的区域以及受到意外泄漏污染的区域，评估了增加的研究参数水平。另一方面，还观察到下游污染水平的下降，大概与生物降解和光化学氧化有关。遗传毒性参数与贻贝组织和沉积物中测得的多环芳烃和金属浓度有关。结果还表明，在受到市政原产地长期污染影响的地区进行的原位遗传毒性评估可能不够精确。研究强调将遗传毒性评估与化学分析相结合的必要性。环境。大声笑 诱变剂。2019.©2019 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.