HIV topical microbicides are products with anti-HIV activity, generally incorporating a direct-acting antiretroviral agent, that when applied to the vagina or rectum have the potential to prevent the sexual acquisition of HIV in women and men. Topical microbicides may meet the prevention needs of individuals and groups for whom oral daily forms of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have not been acceptable. Microbicides can provide personal control over HIV prevention and offer the possibility of discreet use, qualities that may be particularly important for receptive partners in sexual relationships such as women and transgender women and men, who together account for the clear majority of new HIV infections worldwide. Although the promise of such a product emerged nearly three decades ago, proof of concept has been demonstrated only within the last decade. A robust pipeline of microbicidal gels, films, inserts, and rings has been evaluated in multiple studies among at-risk women and men, and refinement of products for ease of use, reversibility, and high safety is the priority for the field.

中文翻译：

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预防艾滋病毒中的局部杀菌剂：前景。


HIV 局部杀菌剂是具有抗 HIV 活性的产品，通常含有直接作用的抗逆转录病毒剂，当应用于阴道或直肠时，有可能防止女性和男性通过性行为感染 HIV。外用杀菌剂可以满足那些无法接受每日口服暴露前预防 (PrEP) 的个人和群体的预防需求。杀微生物剂可以对艾滋病毒预防提供个人控制，并提供谨慎使用的可能性，这些品质对于性关系中的接受伴侣（例如女性和跨性别女性和男性）尤其重要，他们加起来占了全世界新发艾滋病毒感染的绝大多数。尽管此类产品的前景在近三十年前就已显现，但概念验证直到最近十年才得到证实。一系列强大的杀菌凝胶、薄膜、插入物和环已在针对高危女性和男性的多项研究中进行了评估，并且改进产品以使其易于使用、可逆性和高安全性是该领域的首要任务。