A biological pacemaker is one or more types of cellular components that, when implanted into certain regions of the heart, produce electrical stimuli that mimic that of the body’s natural pacemaker cells. Somatic gene transfer, cell fusion, or cell transplantation provide a way to realize it as somatic reprogramming strategies, which involve transfer of genes encoding transcription factors to transform working myocardium into a surrogate sinoatrial node, are furthest along in the possibilities. The idea, no doubt, is bright and appealing. The objective herein intends to dig into the subject trying to find out how realizable it really is.

中文翻译：

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生物心脏起搏器：还是梦想？

生物起搏器是一种或多种类型的细胞成分，当植入心脏的某些区域时，会产生模拟人体自然起搏器细胞的电刺激。体细胞基因转移、细胞融合或细胞移植提供了一种实现它的方法，因为体细胞重编程策略涉及转移编码转录因子的基因以将工作心肌转化为替代窦房结，这是最有可能实现的。毫无疑问，这个想法是明亮而吸引人的。此处的目标旨在深入研究该主题，试图找出其真正的可实现性。