Precise regulation of cellular proliferation is critical to tissue homeostasis and development, but misregulation leads to diseases of excess proliferation or cell loss. To achieve precise control, cells utilize distinct mechanisms of growth arrest such as quiescence and senescence. The decision to enter these growth-arrested states or proliferate is mediated by the core cell-cycle machinery that responds to diverse external and internal signals. Recent advances have revealed the molecular underpinnings of these cell-cycle decisions, highlighting the unique nature of cell-cycle entry from quiescence, identifying endogenous DNA damage as a quiescence-inducing signal, and establishing how persistent arrest is achieved in senescence.

中文翻译：

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抑制细胞周期：细胞生长停滞的机制。

细胞增殖的精确调节对于组织稳态和发育至关重要，但调节不当会导致过度增殖或细胞损失的疾病。为了实现精确控制，细胞利用不同的生长停滞机制，例如静止和衰老。进入这些生长停滞状态或增殖的决定是由响应不同的外部和内部信号的核心细胞周期机制介导的。最近的进展揭示了这些细胞周期决策的分子基础，强调了从静止状态进入细胞周期的独特性质，将内源性 DNA 损伤识别为静止诱导信号，并确定了如何在衰老过程中实现持久停滞。