Sterols and fatty acids (FAs) are essential lipids that play fundamental roles in membrane dynamics and cellular homeostasis. Synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cytoplasm, trafficked by proteins, and stored in lipid droplets (LDs), much work has been conducted examining how these lipids are shuttled from one location to another. Recent work has highlighted the importance of inter-organelle crosstalk in the regulation of sterol and FA homeostasis. In particular, three organelles-lysosomes, LDs, and the ER network-function together to regulate sterol subcellular distribution and utilization. This tri-organelle crosstalk also drives adaptions to stress and protects against FA-induced lipotoxicity. Here, we highlight recent work revealing how this unique organelle trio function together. We also discuss how LDs can modulate lysosome signaling to control growth, autophagy, and ER homeostasis.

中文翻译：

---

三人制：溶酶体，脂质滴和脂质转运和细胞稳态中的ER。

甾醇和脂肪酸（FAs）是必不可少的脂质，它们在膜动力学和细胞体内平衡中起着基本作用。在内质网（ER）和细胞质上合成，被蛋白质运输，并存储在脂质滴（LDs）中，已经进行了大量工作来研究这些脂质如何从一个位置穿梭到另一个位置。最近的工作强调了细胞间串扰对固醇和FA稳态调节的重要性。特别是，三个细胞器溶酶体，LD和ER网络一起发挥功能来调节固醇亚细胞的分布和利用。这种三细胞器的串扰还会驱动对压力的适应，并防止FA诱导的脂毒性。在这里，我们重点介绍了最近的工作，揭示了这种独特的细胞器三重奏如何一起发挥作用。