Altered metabolism is a distinct feature of cancer cells. During transformation, the entire metabolic network is rewired to efficiently convert nutrients to biosynthetic precursors to sustain cancer cell growth and proliferation. Whilst the molecular underpinnings of this metabolic reprogramming have been described, its role in tumor progression is still under investigation. Importantly, the mitochondrion is a central actor in many of the metabolic processes that are altered in tumors. Yet, we have only begun to understand the dualities of mitochondrial function during cancer metastasis and therapy resistance. Paradoxically, mitochondrial metabolism can be both advantageous and detrimental to these processes, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the molecular and microenvironmental cues that define the role of this fascinating organelle. In this review article, we present an updated view on the different mitochondrial metabolic strategies adopted by cancer cells to overcome the many hurdles faced during tumor progression.

中文翻译：

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线粒体代谢：肿瘤进展的阴阳

新陈代谢改变是癌细胞的一个显着特征。在转化过程中，整个代谢网络被重新连接，以有效地将营养物质转化为生物合成前体，从而维持癌细胞的生长和增殖。虽然已经描述了这种代谢重编程的分子基础，但其在肿瘤进展中的作用仍在研究中。重要的是，线粒体是肿瘤中许多改变的代谢过程的中心参与者。然而，我们才刚刚开始了解在癌症转移和治疗抵抗过程中线粒体功能的二元性。矛盾的是，线粒体代谢对这些过程既有利也有害，强调需要更好地了解定义这种迷人细胞器作用的分子和微环境线索。在这篇综述文章中，我们对癌细胞为克服肿瘤进展过程中面临的许多障碍而采用的不同线粒体代谢策略提出了最新观点。