The exponential rise in the number of functional brain connectivity studies, particularly those examining intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) at rest, and the promises of this work for unraveling the ontogeny of functional neural systems motivate this review. Shortly before this explosion in functional connectivity research, developmental neuroscientists had proposed theories based on neural systems models to explain behavioral changes, particularly in adolescence. The current review presents recent advances in imaging in brain connectivity research, which provides a unique tool for the study of neural systems. Understanding the potential of neuroimaging for refining neurodevelopmental models of brain function requires a description of various functional connectivity approaches. In this review, we describe task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analytic strategies, but we focus on iFC findings from resting-state data to describe general developmental trajectories of brain network organization. Finally, we use the example of drug addiction to frame a discussion of psychopathology that emerges in adolescence.

中文翻译：

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fMRI 功能连接应用于青少年神经发育。

功能性大脑连接性研究的数量呈指数级增长，特别是那些检查静止状态下的内在功能性连接性（iFC）的研究，以及这项工作有望揭示功能性神经系统的个体发育，推动了这篇综述。在功能连接研究爆发之前不久，发育神经科学家提出了基于神经系统模型的理论来解释行为变化，特别是在青春期。当前的综述介绍了大脑连接研究中成像的最新进展，它为神经系统的研究提供了独特的工具。了解神经影像学在完善大脑功能神经发育模型方面的潜力需要描述各种功能连接方法。在这篇综述中，我们描述了基于任务的静息态功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 分析策略，但我们重点关注静息态数据中的 iFC 研究结果，以描述大脑网络组织的一般发育轨迹。最后，我们用吸毒成瘾的例子来讨论青春期出现的精神病理学。