The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays diverse regulatory roles throughout development. Coordinate interactions between cells within a tissue and the ECM result in the dynamic remodeling of ECM structure. Both chemical signals and physical forces that result from such microenvironmental remodeling regulate cell behavior that sculpts tissue structure. Here, we review recent discoveries illustrating different ways in which ECM remodeling promotes dynamic cell behavior during tissue morphogenesis. We focus first on new insights that identify localized ECM signaling as a regulator of cell migration, shape, and adhesion during branching morphogenesis. We also review mechanisms by which the ECM and basement membrane can both sculpt and stabilize epithelial tissue structure, using as examples Drosophila egg chamber development and cleft formation in epithelial organs. Finally, we end with an overview of the dynamic mechanisms by which the ECM can regulate stem cell differentiation to contribute to proper tissue morphogenesis.

中文翻译：

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ECM 调节的细胞动力学作为组织形态发生的驱动力。

细胞外基质 (ECM) 在整个发育过程中发挥着不同的调节作用。组织内细胞与 ECM 之间的协调相互作用导致 ECM 结构的动态重塑。由这种微环境重塑产生的化学信号和物理力都会调节塑造组织结构的细胞行为。在这里，我们回顾了最近的发现，这些发现说明了 ECM 重塑在组织形态发生过程中促进动态细胞行为的不同方式。我们首先关注将局部 ECM 信号识别为分支形态发生过程中细胞迁移、形状和粘附的调节器的新见解。我们还回顾了 ECM 和基底膜可以塑造和稳定上皮组织结构的机制，以果蝇卵室发育和上皮器官裂隙形成为例。最后，我们最后概述了 ECM 可以调节干细胞分化以促进适当组织形态发生的动态机制。