Despite the long held hypothesis that oxidant stress results in accumulated oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules and subsequently to aging and age-related chronic disease, it has been difficult to consistently define and specifically identify markers of oxidant stress that are consistently and directly linked to age and disease status. Inflammation because it is also linked to oxidant stress, aging, and chronic disease also plays an important role in understanding the clinical implications of oxidant stress and relevant markers. Much attention has focused on identifying specific markers of oxidative stress and inflammation that could be measured in easily accessible tissues and fluids (lymphocytes, plasma, serum). The purpose of this review is to discuss markers of oxidant stress used in the field as biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases, highlighting differences observed by race when data is available. We highlight DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid oxidation as measures of oxidative stress, as well as other well-characterized markers of oxidative damage and inflammation and discuss their strengths and limitations. We present the current state of the literature reporting use of these markers in studies of human cohorts in relation to age and age-related disease and also with a special emphasis on differences observed by race when relevant.

中文翻译：

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与衰老和年龄相关疾病具有临床相关性的氧化应激标志物。


尽管长期以来人们一直认为氧化应激会导致细胞大分子累积氧化损伤，进而导致衰老和与年龄相关的慢性疾病，但很难一致地定义和具体识别与年龄和年龄相关的氧化应激标记物。疾病状况。炎症也与氧化应激、衰老和慢性疾病有关，因此在理解氧化应激和相关标志物的临床意义方面也发挥着重要作用。人们的注意力集中在识别氧化应激和炎症的特定标志物上，这些标志物可以在容易接近的组织和液体（淋巴细胞、血浆、血清）中进行测量。本综述的目的是讨论在该领域用作衰老和年龄相关疾病生物标志物的氧化应激标志物，强调在数据可用时按种族观察到的差异。我们重点介绍 DNA、RNA、蛋白质和脂质氧化作为氧化应激的衡量标准，以及其他明确的氧化损伤和炎症标志物，并讨论它们的优点和局限性。我们介绍了报告在与年龄和年龄相关疾病有关的人类队列研究中使用这些标记的文献的现状，并且特别强调在相关时种族观察到的差异。