It is increasingly clear that the human gut microbiome has great medical importance, and researchers are beginning to investigate its basic biology and to appreciate the challenges that it presents to medical science. Several striking new empirical results in this area are perplexing within the standard conceptual framework of biomedicine, and this highlights the need for new perspectives from ecology and from dynamical systems theory. Here, we discuss recent results concerning sources of individual variation, temporal variation within individuals, long-term changes after transient perturbations and individualized responses to perturbation within the human gut microbiome.

中文翻译：

---

人类肠道微生物组的新兴医学生态。

越来越清楚的是，人类肠道微生物组具有重要的医学意义，研究人员开始研究其基本生物学并了解它给医学科学带来的挑战。该领域的几个引人注目的新实证结果在生物医学的标准概念框架内令人困惑，这凸显了对生态学和动力系统理论新视角的需求。在这里，我们讨论了关于个体变异来源、个体内部时间变异、瞬时扰动后的长期变化以及对人类肠道微生物群内扰动的个体化反应的最新结果。