There is growing recognition that neural oscillations are important in a wide range of perceptual and cognitive functions. One of the key issues in electrophysiological studies of schizophrenia is whether high or low frequency oscillations, or both, are related to schizophrenia because many brain functions are modulated with frequency specificities. Many recent electrophysiological studies of schizophrenia have focused on high frequency oscillations at gamma band and in general support gamma band dysfunction in schizophrenia. We discuss the concept that gamma oscillation abnormalities in schizophrenia often occur in the background of oscillation abnormalities of lower frequencies. The review discusses the basic neurobiology for the emergence of oscillations of all frequency bands in association with networks of inhibitory interneurons and the convergence and divergence of such mechanisms in generating high vs low frequency oscillations. We then review the literature of oscillatory frequency abnormalities identified in each frequency band in schizophrenia. By describing some of the key functional roles exerted by gamma, low frequencies, and their cross-frequency coupling, we conceptualize that even isolated alterations in gamma or low frequency oscillations may impact the interactions of high and low frequency bands that are involved in key cognitive functions. The review concludes that studying the full spectrum and the interaction of gamma and low frequency oscillations may be critical for deciphering the complex electrophysiological abnormalities observed in schizophrenia patients.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症的高频与低频神经振荡。

人们越来越认识到，神经振荡在广泛的感知和认知功能中很重要。精神分裂症电生理学研究的关键问题之一是高频振荡还是低频振荡，或两者都与精神分裂症有关，因为许多大脑功能都受到频率特异性的调节。许多最近的精神分裂症电生理学研究都集中在伽马波段的高频振荡上，并且总体上支持精神分裂症的伽马波段功能障碍。我们讨论了精神分裂症中伽马振荡异常经常发生在低频振荡异常背景下的概念。该评论讨论了与抑制性中间神经元网络相关的所有频带振荡出现的基本神经生物学，以及此类机制在产生高频与低频振荡方面的收敛和发散。然后，我们回顾了精神分裂症每个频段中发现的振荡频率异常的文献。通过描述伽马、低频及其交叉频率耦合所发挥的一些关键功能作用，我们将伽马或低频振荡中的孤立变化概念化，可能会影响关键认知中涉及的高低频频带的相互作用。职能。