Multiple epidemiological studies have demonstrated associations between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, and more recently the killer cell immunoglobulin-like (KIR) locus has been implicated in differential responses to the virus. Genome-wide association studies have convincingly shown that the HLA class I locus is the most significant host genetic contributor to the variation in HIV control, underscoring a central role for CD8 T cells in resistance to the virus. However, both genetic and functional data indicate that part of the HLA effect on HIV is due to interactions between KIR and HLA genes, also implicating natural killer cells in defense against viral infection and viral expansion prior to initiation of an adaptive response. We review the HLA and KIR associations with HIV disease and the progress that has been made in understanding the mechanisms that explain these associations.

中文翻译：

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HLA/KIR对HIV的抑制：适者生存。


多项流行病学研究表明，人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 基因座与人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 疾病之间存在关联，最近，杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样 (KIR) 基因座与对该病毒的差异反应有关。全基因组关联研究令人信服地表明，HLA I 类基因座是 HIV 控制变异最重要的宿主遗传因素，强调了 CD8 T 细胞在抵抗病毒方面的核心作用。然而，遗传和功能数据表明，HLA 对 HIV 的部分影响是由于 KIR 和 HLA 基因之间的相互作用，这也表明自然杀伤细胞在适应性反应启动之前防御病毒感染和病毒扩张。我们回顾了 HLA 和 KIR 与 HIV 疾病的关联，以及在理解解释这些关联的机制方面所取得的进展。