Because of the increased use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in tissue engineering (TE), and in new constructs for cardiac TE, their effect was studied on three relevant cell types: Adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CM) and fibroblasts. For adult rat myocytes, 10 μg/mL TiO2 NPs showed no significant effect on myocyte survival over 24 h or acute myocyte contractility. Increasing the concentration to 100 μg/mL was seen to reduce contraction amplitude (p < 0.05). For hESC-CM, 10 μg/mL TiO2 reduced the beating rate significantly by 24 h. No arrhythmias or cessation of beating were observed in either cell type. Culturing fibroblasts in 5-150 μg/mL TiO2 significantly reduced cell proliferation at day 4 and increased cell death. We conclude that there may be modest but potentially adverse effects of TiO2 NPs if used in fast degrading polymers for myocardial tissue engineering (MTE) applications.

中文翻译：

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评估二氧化钛纳米颗粒在心脏组织工程应用中的细胞毒性。

由于在组织工程 (TE) 和心脏 TE 的新结构中二氧化钛 (TiO2) 纳米粒子 (NP) 的使用增加，因此研究了它们对三种相关细胞类型的影响：成年大鼠心室心肌细胞、人胚胎干细胞-衍生心肌细胞 (hESC-CM) 和成纤维细胞。对于成年大鼠心肌细胞，10 μg/mL TiO2 NPs 对 24 小时内的心肌细胞存活率或急性心肌细胞收缩性没有显着影响。观察到将浓度增加到 100 μg/mL 会降低收缩幅度 (p < 0.05)。对于 hESC-CM，10 μg/mL TiO2 使跳动率显着降低了 24 小时。在任一细胞类型中均未观察到心律失常或搏动停止。在 5-150 μg/mL TiO2 中培养成纤维细胞在第 4 天显着降低细胞增殖并增加细胞死亡。