BACKGROUND Obesity among pregnant women is highly prevalent worldwide and is associated in a linear manner with markedly increased risk of adverse outcome for mother and infant. Obesity in the mother may also independently confer risk of obesity to her child. The role of maternal metabolism in determining these outcomes and the potential for lifestyle modification are largely unknown. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, the metaRegister of clinical trials and Google Scholar without limitations. Sensitive search strategies were combined with relevant medical subject headings and text words. RESULTS Maternal obesity and gestational weight gain have a significant impact on maternal metabolism and offspring development. Insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, fat oxidation and amino acid synthesis are all disrupted by maternal obesity and contribute to adverse outcomes. Modification of lifestyle is an effective intervention strategy for improvement of maternal metabolism and the prevention of type 2 diabetes and, potentially, gestational diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Maternal obesity requires the development of effective interventions to improve pregnancy outcome. Strategies that incorporate a detailed understanding of the maternal metabolic environment and its consequences for the health of the mother and the growth of the child are likely to identify the best approach.

中文翻译：

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母亲代谢和肥胖：妊娠结局的可改变决定因素。

背景技术孕妇肥胖在世界范围内非常普遍，并且与母亲和婴儿不良后果的风险显着增加呈线性相关。母亲的肥胖也可能独立地给孩子带来肥胖的风险。母体代谢在决定这些结果中的作用以及改变生活方式的潜力在很大程度上尚不清楚。方法 通过无限制地搜索PubMed、临床试验metaRegister和Google Scholar来确定相关研究。敏感的搜索策略与相关的医学主题标题和文本单词相结合。结果 母亲肥胖和妊娠期体重增加对母亲代谢和后代发育有显着影响。胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖稳态、脂肪氧化和氨基酸合成都会因母亲肥胖而受到干扰，并导致不良后果。改变生活方式是改善孕产妇新陈代谢和预防 2 型糖尿病以及潜在的妊娠糖尿病的有效干预策略。结论 母亲肥胖需要制定有效的干预措施来改善妊娠结局。详细了解母亲代谢环境及其对母亲健康和孩子成长的影响的策略可能会找到最佳方法。