We review the modulatory effects of the catecholamine neurotransmitters noradrenaline and dopamine on prefrontal cortical function. The effects of pharmacologic manipulations of these systems, sometimes in comparison with the indoleamine serotonin (5-HT), on performance on a variety of tasks that tap working memory, attentional-set formation and shifting, reversal learning, and response inhibition are compared in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans using, in a behavioral context, several techniques ranging from microiontophoresis and single-cell electrophysiological recording to pharmacologic functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dissociable effects of drugs and neurotoxins affecting these monoamine systems suggest new ways of conceptualizing state-dependent fronto-executive functions, with implications for understanding the molecular genetic basis of mental illness and its treatment.

中文翻译：

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额执行功能的神经精神药理学：单胺能调节。


我们回顾了儿茶酚胺神经递质去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺对前额皮质功能的调节作用。这些系统的药理学操作（有时与吲哚胺血清素（5-HT）相比）对利用工作记忆、注意力集形成和转移、逆转学习和反应抑制的各种任务的表现的影响进行了比较啮齿动物、非人类灵长类动物和人类在行为背景下使用多种技术，从微离子电渗疗法和单细胞电生理记录到药理学功能磁共振成像。影响这些单胺系统的药物和神经毒素的解离效应提出了概念化状态依赖性额执行功能的新方法，这对于理解精神疾病的分子遗传基础及其治疗具有重要意义。