An imbalance of iron metabolism with consecutive aggregation of α-synuclein and axonal degeneration of neurons has been postulated as the main pathological feature in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a new imaging technique, which enables to measure structural changes caused by defective iron deposition in parkinsonian brains. Due to its novelty, its potential as a new imaging technique remains elusive for disease-specific characterization of motor and non-motor symptoms (characterizing the individual parkinsonian phenotype). Functional network changes associated with these symptoms are however frequently described for both magnetoencephalography (MEG) and resting state functional magnetic imaging (rs-fMRI). Here, we performed a systematic review of the current literature about QSM imaging, MEG and rs-fMRI in order to collect existing data about structural and functional changes caused by motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. Whereas all three techniques provide an effect in the motor domain, the understanding of network changes caused by non-motor symptoms is much more lacking for MEG and rs-fMRI, and does not yet really exist for QSM imaging. In order to better understand the influence of pathological iron distribution onto the functional outcome, whole-brain QSM analyses should be integrated in functional analyses (especially for the non-motor domain), to enable a proper pathophysiological interpretation of MEG and rs-fMRI network changes in PD. Herewith, a better understanding of the relationship between neuropathological changes, functional network changes and clinical phenotype might become possible.

中文翻译：

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帕金森表型的定量药敏制图和静息状态网络分析-文献综述。

铁代谢的不平衡，α-突触核蛋白的连续聚集和神经元的轴突变性被认为是帕金森氏病（PD）发展的主要病理特征。定量磁化率测绘（QSM）是一种新的成像技术，它能够测量由帕金森氏脑中的铁沉积缺陷引起的结构变化。由于其新颖性，其作为一种新的成像技术的潜力仍无法实现运动和非运动症状（表征单个帕金森病表型）的疾病特异性表征。然而，对于脑磁图（MEG）和静止状态功能磁成像（rs-fMRI）都经常描述与这些症状相关的功能网络变化。这里，我们收集了有关QSM成像，MEG和rs-fMRI的最新文献的系统综述，以收集有关PD中运动和非运动症状引起的结构和功能变化的现有数据。尽管所有这三种技术都能在运动领域发挥作用，但对于MEG和rs-fMRI缺乏对非运动症状引起的网络变化的了解，而对于QSM成像尚不存在。为了更好地了解病理性铁分布对功能结果的影响，应将全脑QSM分析整合到功能分析中（尤其是针对非运动领域），以实现对MEG和rs-fMRI网络的正确病理生理解释PD的变化。借此，更好地了解神经病理变化之间的关系，