Omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids have been shown to have beneficial effects on several inflammatory-driven endpoints such as cardiovascular diseases. The anti-inflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are largely mediated through various oxylipins. Yet, mechanistic insights are limited. Here, we measured 53 oxylipins using LC-MS/MS in an in vitro model of endothelial cell inflammation, and compared the changes induced by DHA to hydrocortisone, a well-established anti-inflammatory drug. DHA modified several oxylipins derived from different precursors such as DHA, AA, LA and EPA. In response to a TNFα and IL-1-β challenge, DHA clearly reduced many COX-derived pro-inflammatory oxylipins, yet to a minor extent when compared to hydrocortisone. DHA also upregulated metabolites from the CYP and LOX pathways as opposed to hydrocortisone. Thus, DHA reduced pro-inflammation and enhanced pro-resolution, while hydrocortisone blunted both the pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways. Our results may fuel further research on the mitigation of corticosteroids adverse side-effects.

中文翻译：

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体外内皮细胞中的脂蛋白概况分析-DHA和氢化可的松对炎症激发的作用。

Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸已显示对多种炎症驱动的终点（例如心血管疾病）具有有益作用。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的抗炎作用主要是通过各种脂蛋白介导的。然而，机械的见解是有限的。在这里，我们在体外模型的内皮细胞炎症中使用LC-MS / MS测量了53种脂环素，并将DHA诱导的变化与氢化可的松（一种成熟的抗炎药）进行了比较。DHA修饰了几种衍生自不同前体（例如DHA，AA，LA和EPA）的脂蛋白。响应TNFα和IL-1-β攻击，DHA明显降低了许多COX衍生的促炎性脂蛋白，但与氢化可的松相比，其含量却很小。与氢化可的松相反，DHA还上调了CYP和LOX途径的代谢产物。从而，DHA减少了促炎症反应，增强了促分辨率，而氢化可的松则减弱了促炎和消炎途径。我们的研究结果可能会为减轻皮质类固醇的不良副作用提供进一步的研究。