Optical imaging including fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging have been widely employed in early and accurate diagnosis of cancer. Compared to the "always on" optical probes, the molecular probes that could emit their signal in response to the tumor microenvironment exhibit the low background noise and high signal-to-background ratio, allowing sensitive and accurate cancer diagnosis. Polymer-based activatable optical probes display the advantages of improved water solubility, good photostability, extended blood circulation time, and easy functionalization, which enable them to accumulate in tumor for early and accurate diagnosis. This review focuses on recent advances in the development of polymer-based activatable optical probes for tumor fluorescence and PA imaging. The designs of polymer-based optical probes are first discussed. Then the applications for tumor fluorescence and PA imaging using pH, hypoxia, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and enzymes responsive polymer-based optical probes are discussed in details. At last, the present challenges and perspectives of polymer-based activatable optical probes to further advance them into the clinical application are also suggested. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing.

中文翻译：

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基于聚合物的可激活光学探针，用于肿瘤荧光和光声成像。

包括荧光成像和光声成像在内的光学成像已广泛用于癌症的早期和准确诊断。与“始终在线”光学探针相比，可以响应肿瘤微环境而发出信号的分子探针显示出低背景噪声和高信噪比，从而可以进行敏感而准确的癌症诊断。基于聚合物的可激活光学探针显示出改善的水溶性，良好的光稳定性，延长的血液循环时间以及易于功能化的优点，从而使它们能够积聚在肿瘤中，以进行早期和准确的诊断。这篇综述集中在用于肿瘤荧光和PA成像的基于聚合物的可激活光学探针的开发方面的最新进展。首先讨论基于聚合物的光学探针的设计。然后详细讨论了使用pH，低氧，活性氧和氮物种以及基于酶反应聚合物的光学探针在肿瘤荧光和PA成像中的应用。最后，还提出了基于聚合物的可激活光学探针的挑战和前景，以进一步将其推进临床应用。本文归类于：诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像诊断工具>生物传感。还提出了基于聚合物的可激活光学探针的当前挑战和前景，以进一步将其推进临床应用。本文归类于：诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像诊断工具>生物传感。还提出了基于聚合物的可激活光学探针的当前挑战和前景，以进一步将其推进临床应用。本文归类于：诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像诊断工具>生物传感。