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Less information results in better midsession reversal accuracy by pigeons.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-03 , DOI: 10.1037/xan0000215
Thomas R Zentall 1 , Danielle M Andrews 1 , Jacob P Case 1 , Daniel N Peng 1
Affiliation  

The midsession reversal task involves a simultaneous discrimination between Stimulus 1 (S1) and Stimulus 2 (S2) in which, for the first half of each session, choice of S1 is reinforced and S2 is not, and for the last half of each session, choice of S2 is reinforced and S1 is not. With this task, even after considerable training, pigeons tend to make anticipatory errors as they approach the reversal and they continue to make perseverative errors following the reversal. In the present research, we tested the hypothesis that reversal accuracy would improve by devaluing choice of S2 relative to S1. In Experiment 1, correct choice of S1 was reinforced 100% of the time, whereas correct choice of S2 was reinforced only 20% of the time. This manipulation reduced anticipatory errors but did not increase perseverative errors. In Experiment 2, choice of S1 required a single peck, whereas choice of S2 was devalued by requiring 10 pecks. A similar result was found. In Experiment 3 we devalued S1 by requiring 10 pecks and found decreased accuracy in the form of increased anticipatory errors. Paradoxically, in Experiments 1 and 2, by encouraging the pigeons to avoid using the feedback from choice of S2, and rely solely on feedback from choice of S1, discrimination reversal errors were reduced. The results have implications for attentional theories of learning and theories of behavior change. They also have implications for the conditions responsible for pigeons' tendency to time the occurrence of the change in reinforcement contingencies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

较少的信息可以提高鸽子的中段逆转准确性。

会话中段逆转任务涉及刺激1(S1)和刺激2(S2)的同时区分,其中对于每个会话的前半部分,对S1的选择得到加强,而对S2则不增强,对于每个会话的后半部分, S2的选择得到加强,而S1则没有。通过这项任务,即使经过大量的训练,鸽子在接近逆转时也容易犯预期错误,并且在逆转后仍会产生持久性错误。在本研究中,我们测试了以下假设:通过相对于S1贬低S2的选择,可以提高反转精度。在实验1中,对S1的正确选择在100%的时间内得到了增强,而对S2的正确选择仅在20%的时间内得到了增强。这种操作减少了预期的错误,但没有增加持久性错误。在实验2中,S1的选择需要单啄,而S2的选择则需要10啄来贬值。发现类似的结果。在实验3中,我们通过要求10啄来使S1贬值,并发现以预期误差增加的形式降低了准确性。矛盾的是,在实验1和2中,通过鼓励鸽子避免使用选择S2的反馈,而仅依靠选择S1的反馈,可以减少歧视性的逆转误差。研究结果对注意力学习理论和行为改变理论具有启示意义。它们也影响了导致鸽子改变配偶偶然性变化时间趋势的条件。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。发现类似的结果。在实验3中,我们通过要求10啄来使S1贬值,并发现以预期误差增加的形式降低了准确性。矛盾的是,在实验1和2中,通过鼓励鸽子避免使用选择S2的反馈,而仅依靠选择S1的反馈,可以减少歧视性的逆转误差。研究结果对注意力学习理论和行为改变理论具有启示意义。它们也影响了导致鸽子改变配偶偶然性变化时间趋势的条件。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。发现类似的结果。在实验3中,我们通过要求10啄来使S1贬值,并发现以预期误差增加的形式降低了准确性。矛盾的是,在实验1和2中,通过鼓励鸽子避免使用选择S2的反馈,而仅依靠选择S1的反馈,可以减少歧视性的逆转误差。结果对学习的注意力理论和行为改变理论具有启示意义。它们也影响了导致鸽子改变配偶偶然性变化发生时间趋势的条件。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。在实验1和2中,通过鼓励鸽子避免使用选择S2的反馈,而仅依靠选择S1的反馈,减少了区分反转错误。结果对学习的注意力理论和行为改变理论具有启示意义。它们也影响了导致鸽子改变配偶偶然性变化发生时间趋势的条件。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。在实验1和2中,通过鼓励鸽子避免使用选择S2的反馈,而仅依靠选择S1的反馈,减少了区分反转错误。结果对学习的注意力理论和行为改变理论具有启示意义。它们也影响了导致鸽子改变配偶偶然性变化发生时间趋势的条件。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。钢筋应变性发生时间变化的趋势。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。钢筋应变性发生时间变化的趋势。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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