It has become evident that the microenvironment – lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts as well as the extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, and a plethora of other cells, structures and substances residing in the vicinity of tumor cells – plays an important part in the maintenance of cancer growth and survival. This is also relevant in lymphomas. In this review, we give an outline on the importance of the microenvironment for tumors in general and lymphomas in particular, by highlighting certain basic principles of tumor-microenvironment interaction. The relationship of lymphomas and their microenvironment is multifaceted: lymphoma cells need growth factors and cytokines derived from microenvironmental cells for their sustenance and growth. On the contrary, many lymphomas silence or at least deregulate the immune system to escape recognition and subsequent elimination by immune cells, while giving advantage to suppressive microenvironmental compounds such as M2 polarized macrophages, regulatory T-cells, mast cells, and immunosuppressive fibroblasts. We also give a detailed insight across different lymphoma types to show the variety of tumor-microenvironment interactions. Due to its tremendous importance, the microenvironment has also become a new target for oncologic therapy. The most important finding concerning lymphomas with a focus on immunomodulatory substances is also, therefore, highlighted.

中文翻译：

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淋巴瘤及其微环境：多方面的关系

很明显，微环境——淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞以及细胞外基质、细胞因子、趋化因子，以及大量存在于肿瘤细胞附近的其他细胞、结构和物质——在维持肿瘤细胞的维持中起着重要作用。癌症的生长和存活。这也与淋巴瘤有关。在这篇综述中，我们通过强调肿瘤-微环境相互作用的某些基本原则，概述了微环境对一般肿瘤特别是淋巴瘤的重要性。淋巴瘤与其微环境的关系是多方面的：淋巴瘤细胞需要来自微环境细胞的生长因子和细胞因子来维持和生长。相反，许多淋巴瘤使免疫系统沉默或至少解除调节，以逃避免疫细胞的识别和随后的消除，同时利用抑制性微环境化合物，如 M2 极化巨噬细胞、调节性 T 细胞、肥大细胞和免疫抑制性成纤维细胞。我们还提供了对不同淋巴瘤类型的详细见解，以显示肿瘤-微环境相互作用的多样性。由于其巨大的重要性，微环境也成为肿瘤治疗的新目标。因此，重点关注免疫调节物质的关于淋巴瘤的最重要发现也得到了强调。和免疫抑制性成纤维细胞。我们还提供了对不同淋巴瘤类型的详细见解，以显示肿瘤-微环境相互作用的多样性。由于其巨大的重要性，微环境也成为肿瘤治疗的新目标。因此，重点关注免疫调节物质的关于淋巴瘤的最重要发现也得到了强调。和免疫抑制性成纤维细胞。我们还提供了对不同淋巴瘤类型的详细见解，以显示肿瘤-微环境相互作用的多样性。由于其巨大的重要性，微环境也成为肿瘤治疗的新目标。因此，重点关注免疫调节物质的关于淋巴瘤的最重要发现也得到了强调。