Classical physiological studies using electrophysiological, biophysical, biochemical, and molecular techniques have created a detailed picture of molecular transport, bioenergetics, contractility and movement, and growth, as well as the regulation of these processes by external stimuli in cells and organisms. Newer systems biology approaches are beginning to provide deeper and broader understanding of these complex biological processes and their dynamic responses to a variety of environmental cues. In the past decade, advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies have provided invaluable tools to further elucidate these complex cellular processes, thereby confirming, complementing, and advancing common views of physiology. As one notable example, the application of proteomics to study the regulation of kidney function has yielded novel insights into the chemical and physical processes that tightly control body fluids, electrolytes, and metabolites to provide optimal microenvironments for various cellular and organ functions. Here, we systematically review, summarize, and discuss the most significant key findings from functional proteomic studies in renal epithelial physiology. We also identify further improvements in technological and bioinformatics methods that will be essential to advance precision medicine in nephrology.

中文翻译：

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从分子到机制：功能蛋白质组学及其在肾小管生理中的应用。

使用电生理，生物物理，生物化学和分子技术进行的经典生理学研究已经详细描述了分子转运，生物能学，收缩力和运动以及生长以及细胞和生物体中外部刺激对这些过程的调节。较新的系统生物学方法开始对这些复杂的生物过程及其对各种环境线索的动态响应提供更深入，更广泛的理解。在过去的十年中，基于质谱的蛋白质组学技术的进步提供了宝贵的工具，可以进一步阐明这些复杂的细胞过程，从而确认，补充和推进生理学的普遍观点。举一个著名的例子 蛋白质组学在研究肾功能调节中的应用，对化学和物理过程产生了新的见解，该过程严格控制体液，电解质和代谢产物，从而为各种细胞和器官功能提供最佳的微环境。在这里，我们系统地回顾，总结和讨论了肾上皮生理功能蛋白质组学研究中最重要的关键发现。我们还将确定在技术和生物信息学方法方面的进一步改进，这对于提高肾脏病学的精确医学至关重要。并讨论了功能蛋白质组学研究在肾上皮生理中最重要的关键发现。我们还将确定在技术和生物信息学方法方面的进一步改进，这对于提高肾脏病学的精确医学至关重要。并讨论了功能蛋白质组学研究在肾上皮生理中最重要的关键发现。我们还将确定在技术和生物信息学方法方面的进一步改进，这对于提高肾脏病学的精确医学至关重要。