The majority of commensal oral streptococci are able to generate hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) during aerobic growth, which can diffuse through the cell membrane and inhibit competing species in close proximity. Competing H₂O₂ production is mainly dependent upon the pyruvate oxidase SpxB, and to a lesser extent the lactate oxidase LctO, both of which are important for energy generation in aerobic environments. Several studies point to a broad impact of H₂O₂ production in the oral environment, including a potential role in biofilm homeostasis, signaling, and interspecies interactions. Here, we summarize the current research regarding oral streptococcal H₂O₂ generation, resistance mechanisms, and the ecological impact of H₂O₂ production. We also discuss the potential therapeutic utility of H₂O₂ for the prevention/treatment of dysbiotic diseases as well as its potential role as a biomarker of oral health.

中文翻译：

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生与死：共生菌群产生的过氧化氢及其在维持共生微生物组中的作用。

大多数普通的口服链球菌能够在有氧生长过程中产生过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂），过氧化氢可以扩散穿过细胞膜并抑制竞争物种。竞争性的H ₂ O ₂产生主要取决于丙酮酸氧化酶SpxB，而在较小程度上取决于乳酸氧化酶LctO，这两者都对有氧环境中的能量产生至关重要。多项研究指出，H ₂ O _2的产生在口腔环境中具有广泛的影响，包括在生物膜稳态，信号传导和种间相互作用中的潜在作用。在这里，我们总结了有关口腔链球菌H ₂ O的最新研究H ₂ O ₂产生的₂代，抗性机理和生态影响。我们还讨论了H ₂ O ₂在预防/治疗营养不良疾病方面的潜在治疗作用，以及其作为口腔健康生物标志物的潜在作用。