The rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens and the dearth of new antibiotic development place an existential strain on successful infectious disease therapy. Breakthrough strategies that go beyond classical antibiotic mechanisms are needed to combat this looming public health catastrophe. Reconceptualizing antibiotic therapy in the richer context of the host-pathogen interaction is required for innovative solutions. By defining specific virulence factors, the essence of a pathogen, and pharmacologically neutralizing their activities, one can block disease progression and sensitize microbes to immune clearance. Likewise, host-directed strategies to boost phagocyte bactericidal activity, enhance leukocyte recruitment, or reverse pathogen-induced immunosuppression seek to replicate the success of cancer immunotherapy in the field of infectious diseases. The answer to the threat of multidrug-resistant pathogens lies 'outside the box' of current antibiotic paradigms.

中文翻译：

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宿主-病原体相互作用的药理靶向：对抗耐药性超级细菌的经典抗生素的替代品。

耐多药病原体的出现和新抗生素的开发匮乏给成功的传染病治疗带来了生存压力。为了克服这一迫在眉睫的公共卫生灾难，需要超越传统抗生素机制的突破策略。创新解决方案需要在宿主-病原体相互作用的更丰富背景下重新构想抗生素治疗。通过定义特定的毒力因子，病原体的本质并在药理上中和其活性，可以阻止疾病进展并使微生物对免疫清除敏感。同样，以宿主为导向的策略可增强吞噬细胞的杀菌活性，增强白细胞募集，病原体诱导或反向病原体诱导的免疫抑制试图复制传染病领域中癌症免疫疗法的成功。解决多重耐药性病原体威胁的方法是当前抗生素范例的“开箱即用”。